Acidentes na infância durante a pandemia covid-19: descrição dos atendimentos em um serviço de emergência
Data
2021
Autores
Bastos, Fernanda Alves Gomes 
Orientadores
Anacleto, Aline Santa Cruz Belela
Tipo
Trabalho de conclusão de curso
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
Introdução. Acidentes representam uma das principais causas de lesões e óbitos na infância em todo o mundo, sendo considerado um problema de saúde pública. Pesquisas nacionais referentes à caracterização destes eventos são fundamentais para o delineamento de ações de prevenção. Objetivo. Analisar e descrever a ocorrência de acidentes com crianças atendidas em um serviço de emergência de um hospital universitário. Método. Estudo descritivo e retrospectivo, de abordagem quantitativa. A amostra foi composta por crianças de zero a 12 anos incompletos atendidas no pronto-socorro pediátrico e de especialidades (oftalmologia, otorrinolaringologia, ortopedia) de um hospital universitário, em 2020. Os dados foram obtidos a partir do prontuário eletrônico institucional, registrados em formulário contendo as variáveis de estudo e analisados segundo estatística descritiva. Aspectos éticos. O estudo foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da instituição. Resultados. Os acidentes corresponderam a 9,9% (n=674) dos 6784 atendimentos pediátricos realizados no serviço de emergência em 2020. A maioria dos eventos ocorreu entre pré-escolares (n=275; 40,8%) e escolares (n=263; 39%) do sexo masculino (n=405; 60%), nos períodos da tarde (n=210; 31,1%) e da noite (n=210; 31,1%). O atendimento ocorreu predominantemente no dia (n=550; 81,6%) do acidente, no pronto-socorro pediátrico (n=337; 50%), sendo a alta hospitalar (n=603; 89,4%) o principal desfecho. Não houve óbitos relacionados aos acidentes. Os eventos mais frequentes foram queda (n=225; 33,3%), traumas diversos (n=185; 27,4%) e acidentes com corpos estranhos (n=179; 26,5%), e ocorreram sobretudo no local de residência (n=589; 87,3%) da criança. Quanto à gravidade, a maior parte das lesões foi classificada como ‘moderada, que impossibilitou que a criança realizasse atividades diárias’ (n=296; 68,9%). Conclusão. O tipo de acidente com maior prevalência na amostra estudada foi a queda, ocorrida no domicílio, com necessidade de atendimento hospitalar, porém sem necessidade de hospitalização.
Introduction. Accidents represent one of the main causes of childhood injuries and deaths worldwide, being considered a public health problem. National surveys regarding the characterization of these events are essential for the design of prevention actions. Objects. To analyze and describe the occurrence of accidents with children assisted in an emergency service of a university hospital. Method. Descriptive, retrospective and cross-sectional study. The sample consisted of children aged from zero to 12 years old, attended at the pediatric emergency room and from specialties (ophthalmology, otolaryngology, orthopedics) of a university hospital, in 2020. Data were obtained from the institutional electronic medical record, recorded in a form containing the study variables and analyzed according to descriptive statistics. Ethical aspects. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the institution. Results. Accidents accounted for 9.9% (n=674) of the 6784 pediatric visits performed in the emergency service in 2020. Most events occurred among preschoolers (n=275; 40.8%) and schoolchildren (n=263 ; 39%) male (n=405; 60%), in the afternoon (n=210; 31.1%) and evening (n=210; 31.1%) periods. The care occurred predominantly on the day (n=550; 81.6%) of the accident, in the pediatric emergency room (n=337; 50%), with hospital discharge (n=603; 89.4%) being the main outcome . There were no accident-related deaths. The most frequent events were falls (n=225; 33.3%), various traumas (n=185; 27.4%) and accidents with foreign bodies (n=179; 26.5%), and they occurred mainly at the site of residence (n=589; 87.3%) of the child. Regarding severity, most injuries were classified as 'moderate, which made it impossible for the child to perform daily activities' (n=296; 68.9%). Conclusion. The type of accident with the highest prevalence in the studied sample was falls, which occurred at home, requiring hospital care, but without the need for hospitalization.
Introduction. Accidents represent one of the main causes of childhood injuries and deaths worldwide, being considered a public health problem. National surveys regarding the characterization of these events are essential for the design of prevention actions. Objects. To analyze and describe the occurrence of accidents with children assisted in an emergency service of a university hospital. Method. Descriptive, retrospective and cross-sectional study. The sample consisted of children aged from zero to 12 years old, attended at the pediatric emergency room and from specialties (ophthalmology, otolaryngology, orthopedics) of a university hospital, in 2020. Data were obtained from the institutional electronic medical record, recorded in a form containing the study variables and analyzed according to descriptive statistics. Ethical aspects. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the institution. Results. Accidents accounted for 9.9% (n=674) of the 6784 pediatric visits performed in the emergency service in 2020. Most events occurred among preschoolers (n=275; 40.8%) and schoolchildren (n=263 ; 39%) male (n=405; 60%), in the afternoon (n=210; 31.1%) and evening (n=210; 31.1%) periods. The care occurred predominantly on the day (n=550; 81.6%) of the accident, in the pediatric emergency room (n=337; 50%), with hospital discharge (n=603; 89.4%) being the main outcome . There were no accident-related deaths. The most frequent events were falls (n=225; 33.3%), various traumas (n=185; 27.4%) and accidents with foreign bodies (n=179; 26.5%), and they occurred mainly at the site of residence (n=589; 87.3%) of the child. Regarding severity, most injuries were classified as 'moderate, which made it impossible for the child to perform daily activities' (n=296; 68.9%). Conclusion. The type of accident with the highest prevalence in the studied sample was falls, which occurred at home, requiring hospital care, but without the need for hospitalization.