Estimativa do potencial de sequestro de carbono de espécies arbóreas nativas e exóticas
Data
2023-12-05
Autores
Câmara, Ellen Vitória Silva 
Orientadores
Corete, Aline Andreia Cavalari
Tipo
Trabalho de conclusão de curso
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
As mudanças climáticas estão em curso devido às atividades antrópicas, principalmente a queima de combustíveis fosseis que geram altas concentrações de gás carbônico (CO2) na atmosfera, sendo que as cidades do planeta são as maiores responsáveis pela emissão desse gás de efeito estufa (GEE). As árvores e florestas urbanas são capazes de prestar um serviço ecossistêmico de regulação através do processo de sequestrar carbono e o incentivo à arborização urbana pode atuar como uma estratégia mitigadora do aquecimento global. Este estudo tem como objetivo estimar o potencial de sequestro de carbono de 12 espécies nativas e 16 espécies exóticas de árvores, durante um período de quatro anos, em uma área privada arborizada, localizada no município de Itapevi, região metropolitana de São Paulo, onde a cobertura vegetal é caracterizada como Floresta Ombrófila Densa. No local, foi coletado o DAP e altura das árvores em 2018 e 2022. Tratando-se de um trabalho de sequestro de carbono, foi considerada a diferença entre a quantidade de carbono presente na biomassa das árvores em 2022 e a quantidade de carbono presente na biomassa das árvores em 2018. Para estimar a biomassa das espécies arbóreas foi utilizada a equação alométrica, proposta por Burger e Dellitti para uma floresta secundária de Mata Atlântica, ln(PS)=-3,676+0,951ln(d²h), tendo o DAP (diâmetro à altura do peito) e a altura como variáveis. Apenas os DAPs≥5cm foram considerados para o trabalho. No local, foram encontradas 761 árvores, sendo que 101 (13,27%) são de espécies nativas e 660 (86,73%) são de espécies exóticas. Para estimar o potencial de sequestro de carbono, a biomassa foi multiplicada por 0,5. Como resultado, as árvores do local, em conjunto, sequestraram um total de 41,716tC em quatro anos e, em média, 10,429tC por ano. As espécies nativas que, em média, mais sequestraram carbono nesse mesmo período foram Ceiba speciosa (0,0286tC/indivíduo/ano); Libidibia ferrea, com (0,0190tC/indivíduo/ano); e Cenostigma pluviosum (0,0074tC/indivíduo/ano); já as exóticas foram Ligustrum lucidum (0,0343tC/indivíduo/ano); Araucaria heterophylla (0,0265tC/indivíduo/ano); e Pinus elliottii (0,0166tC/indivíduo/ano).
Climate change is ongoing due to human activities, mainly the burning of fossil fuels that generate high concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere, with cities on the planet being the most responsible for the emission of this greenhouse gas (GHG). Urban trees and forests are capable of providing a regulatory ecosystem service through the process of sequestering carbon and encouraging urban afforestation can act as a strategy to mitigate global warming. This study aims to estimate the carbon sequestration potential of 12 native species and 16 exotic tree species, over a period of four years, in a private wooded area, located in the municipality of Itapevi, metropolitan region of São Paulo, where the vegetation cover is characterized as Dense Ombrophylous Forest. The difference between the amount of carbon present in the biomass of trees in 2022 and the amount of carbon present in the biomass of trees in 2018 was considered because this is a work about carbon sequestration. To estimate the biomass of tree species, the allometric equation ln(PS)=-3.676+0.951ln(d²h) was used, with DBH (diameter at breast height) and height as variables. Only DBHs≥5cm were considered for the work. At the site, 761 trees were found, of which 101 (13.27%) were native species and 660 (86.73%) were exotic species. To estimate the carbon sequestration potential, biomass was multiplied by 0.5. As a result, the local trees, together, sequestered a total of 41.716tC in four Years and and average of 10.429tC per year. The native species that, on average, sequestered the most carbon in the same period were Ceiba speciosa (0.0286tC/individual/year); Libidibia férrea (0.0190tC/individual/year); and Cenostigma pluviosum (0.0074tC/individual/year); the exotic species were Ligustrum lucidum (0.0343tC/individual/year); Araucaria heterophylla (0.0265tC/individual/year); e Pinus elliottii (0.0166tC/individual/year).
Climate change is ongoing due to human activities, mainly the burning of fossil fuels that generate high concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere, with cities on the planet being the most responsible for the emission of this greenhouse gas (GHG). Urban trees and forests are capable of providing a regulatory ecosystem service through the process of sequestering carbon and encouraging urban afforestation can act as a strategy to mitigate global warming. This study aims to estimate the carbon sequestration potential of 12 native species and 16 exotic tree species, over a period of four years, in a private wooded area, located in the municipality of Itapevi, metropolitan region of São Paulo, where the vegetation cover is characterized as Dense Ombrophylous Forest. The difference between the amount of carbon present in the biomass of trees in 2022 and the amount of carbon present in the biomass of trees in 2018 was considered because this is a work about carbon sequestration. To estimate the biomass of tree species, the allometric equation ln(PS)=-3.676+0.951ln(d²h) was used, with DBH (diameter at breast height) and height as variables. Only DBHs≥5cm were considered for the work. At the site, 761 trees were found, of which 101 (13.27%) were native species and 660 (86.73%) were exotic species. To estimate the carbon sequestration potential, biomass was multiplied by 0.5. As a result, the local trees, together, sequestered a total of 41.716tC in four Years and and average of 10.429tC per year. The native species that, on average, sequestered the most carbon in the same period were Ceiba speciosa (0.0286tC/individual/year); Libidibia férrea (0.0190tC/individual/year); and Cenostigma pluviosum (0.0074tC/individual/year); the exotic species were Ligustrum lucidum (0.0343tC/individual/year); Araucaria heterophylla (0.0265tC/individual/year); e Pinus elliottii (0.0166tC/individual/year).