Information system for epidemic control: a computational solution addressing successful experiences and main challenges
Data
2024-02-26
Autores
Sanches, Davi Gonçalves 
Orientadores
Paiva , Henrique Mohallem
Tipo
Dissertação de mestrado
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
O rastreio de contatos desempenha um papel fundamental na mitigação de epidemias, abrangendo estratégias como localização e isolamento de casos, identificação e quarentena de indivíduos com suspeita de infeccção, e recomendação de testes ou vacinação. A pandemia de COVID-19 contribuiu significativamente para um aumento significativo na mortalidade global e impactou vários setores da economia em escala global, o que evidencia a importância do rastreamento de contatos eficiente.
Soluções de rastreamento de contatos digitais, como o aplicativo CoronaTrack descrito nesta dissertação, aproveitam as tecnologias de smartphones e visam rastrear contatos potenciais com indivíduos infectados e avaliar o risco de infecção. No entanto, desafios como preocupações com a privacidade dos dados, adesão pública e design amigável ao usuário devem ser abordados para uma implementação bem-sucedida. A eficácia das aplicações de rastreamento de contatos depende da coleta de dados abrangente em tempo real e da adoção pelos usuários, exigindo um equilíbrio delicado entre privacidade e imperativos de saúde pública.
No contexto dos desafios da COVID-19 no Brasil, a falta de coordenação entre medidas federais e locais, juntamente com dificuldades logísticas e socioeconômicas, impôs novos desafios para o controle da pandemia. Esta dissertação se baseia na recente literatura de rastreamento de contatos para enfatizar a importância de soluções digitais para epidemias. A solução proposta, CoronaTrack, é detalhadamente descrita e alinha-se com as tendências observadas na literatura, oferecendo uma abordagem amigável e eficaz para o rastreamento de contatos no contexto brasileiro.
Em conclusão, a pandemia de COVID-19 destacou a urgência de abordagens resilientes e tecnologicamente avançadas para combater epidemias. O rastreamento de contatos digitais, exemplificado pelo CoronaTrack, emerge como uma possível ferramenta com o potencial de equipar governos com dados em tempo real, auxiliando na tomada de decisões e melhorando a preparação para futuros surtos. A implementação de tais soluções requer um equilíbrio delicado entre privacidade, interesses de saúde pública e adoção pelos usuários.
Contact tracing plays a pivotal role in mitigating epidemics, encompassing strategies such as locating and isolating cases, identifying and quarantining suspected individuals, and recommending testing or vaccination. The COVID-19 pandemic notably contributed to a significant increase in global mortality and impacted various sectors of the economy globally, which underscores the importance of efficient contact tracing. Digital contact tracing solutions, such as the CoronaTrack application described in this dissertation, leverage smartphone technologies and aim to trace potential contacts with infected individuals and assess the risk of infection. However, challenges like data privacy concerns, public adherence, and user-friendly design must be addressed for successful implementation. The effectiveness of contact tracing applications relies on real-time, comprehensive data collection and user adoption, which demands a delicate balance between privacy and public health imperatives. In the context of the COVID-19 challenges in Brazil, the discoordination between federal and local measures, along with logistical and socioeconomic difficulties, imposed new challenges for controlling the COVID-19 pandemic. This dissertation relies on contact tracing recent literature to emphasize the importance of digital solutions for epidemics. The proposed solution, CoronaTrack, is thoroughly described and aligns with observed trends in the literature, offering a user-friendly and effective approach to contact tracing in the Brazilian context. In conclusion, the COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the urgency for resilient and technologically advanced approaches to combat epidemics. Digital contact tracing, as exemplified by CoronaTrack, emerges as a possible tool with the potential to equip governments with real-time data, aiding in decision-making and enhancing preparedness for future outbreaks. The implementation of such solutions requires a delicate balance between privacy, public health interests, and user adoption.
Contact tracing plays a pivotal role in mitigating epidemics, encompassing strategies such as locating and isolating cases, identifying and quarantining suspected individuals, and recommending testing or vaccination. The COVID-19 pandemic notably contributed to a significant increase in global mortality and impacted various sectors of the economy globally, which underscores the importance of efficient contact tracing. Digital contact tracing solutions, such as the CoronaTrack application described in this dissertation, leverage smartphone technologies and aim to trace potential contacts with infected individuals and assess the risk of infection. However, challenges like data privacy concerns, public adherence, and user-friendly design must be addressed for successful implementation. The effectiveness of contact tracing applications relies on real-time, comprehensive data collection and user adoption, which demands a delicate balance between privacy and public health imperatives. In the context of the COVID-19 challenges in Brazil, the discoordination between federal and local measures, along with logistical and socioeconomic difficulties, imposed new challenges for controlling the COVID-19 pandemic. This dissertation relies on contact tracing recent literature to emphasize the importance of digital solutions for epidemics. The proposed solution, CoronaTrack, is thoroughly described and aligns with observed trends in the literature, offering a user-friendly and effective approach to contact tracing in the Brazilian context. In conclusion, the COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the urgency for resilient and technologically advanced approaches to combat epidemics. Digital contact tracing, as exemplified by CoronaTrack, emerges as a possible tool with the potential to equip governments with real-time data, aiding in decision-making and enhancing preparedness for future outbreaks. The implementation of such solutions requires a delicate balance between privacy, public health interests, and user adoption.
Descrição
Citação
SANCHES, D.G. Information System for Epidemic Control: A Computational Solution Addressing Successful Experiences and Main Challenges. Master Dissertation – UNIFESP. São José dos Campos. 1- 69. 2024.