Neurobiological support to the diagnosis of ADHD in stimulant-naive adults: pattern recognition analyses of MRI data

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dc.citation.issue6
dc.citation.volume136
dc.contributor.authorChaim-Avancini, T. M.
dc.contributor.authorDoshi, J.
dc.contributor.authorZanetti, M. V.
dc.contributor.authorErus, G.
dc.contributor.authorSilva, M. A.
dc.contributor.authorDuran, F. L. S.
dc.contributor.authorCavallet, M.
dc.contributor.authorSerpa, M. H.
dc.contributor.authorCaetano, S. C. [UNIFESP]
dc.contributor.authorLouza, M. R.
dc.contributor.authorDavatzikos, C.
dc.contributor.authorBusatto, G. F.
dc.coverageHoboken
dc.date.accessioned2020-09-01T13:21:14Z
dc.date.available2020-09-01T13:21:14Z
dc.date.issued2017
dc.description.abstractObjective: In adulthood, the diagnosis of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been subject of recent controversy. We searched for a neuroanatomical signature associated with ADHD spectrum symptoms in adults by applying, for the first time, machine learning-based pattern classification methods to structural MRI and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data obtained from stimulant-naive adults with childhood-onset ADHD and healthy controls (HC). Method: Sixty-seven ADHD patients and 66 HC underwent high-resolution T1-weighted and DTI acquisitions. A support vector machine (SVM) classifier with a non-linear kernel was applied on multimodal image features extracted on regions of interest placed across the whole brain. Results: The discrimination between a mixed-gender ADHD subgroup and individually matched HC (n = 58 each) yielded area-under-the-curve (AUC) and diagnostic accuracy (DA) values of up to 0.71% and 66% (P = 0.003) respectively. AUC and DA values increased to 0.74% and 74% (P = 0.0001) when analyses were restricted to males (52 ADHD vs. 44 HC). Conclusion: Introvert personality traits showed independent risk effects on suicidality regardless of diagnosis status. Among high risk individuals with suicidal thoughts, higher neuroticism tendency is further associated with increased risk of suicide attempt.en
dc.description.affiliationUniv Sao Paulo, Lab Psychiat Neuroimaging LIM 21 Dept & Inst Psyc, Dept & Inst Psychiat, Fac Med, Sao Paulo, Brazil
dc.description.affiliationUniv Sao Paulo, Ctr Interdisciplinary Res Appl Neurosci NAPNA, Sao Paulo, Brazil
dc.description.affiliationUniv Penn, Dept Radiol, Sect Biomed Image Anal, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
dc.description.affiliationUniv Sao Paulo, Program Attent Deficit Hyperact Disorder PRODATH, Dept & Inst Psychiat, Fac Med, Sao Paulo, Brazil
dc.description.affiliationUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Psychiat, Child & Adolescent Psychiat Unit UPIA, Sao Paulo, Brazil
dc.description.affiliationUnifespUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Psychiat, Child & Adolescent Psychiat Unit UPIA, Sao Paulo, Brazil
dc.description.sourceWeb of Science
dc.description.sponsorshipNARSAD Independent Investigator Award (NARSAD: The Brain and Behavior Research Fund)
dc.description.sponsorshipCNPq-Brazil
dc.description.sponsorshipFAPESP, Brazil
dc.description.sponsorshipIDFAPESP: 2013/03905-4
dc.format.extent623-636
dc.identifierhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1111/acps.12824
dc.identifier.citationActa Psychiatrica Scandinavica. Hoboken, v. 136, n. 6, p. 623-636, 2017.
dc.identifier.doi10.1111/acps.12824
dc.identifier.issn0001-690X
dc.identifier.urihttps://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/58142
dc.identifier.wosWOS:000414594900010
dc.language.isoeng
dc.publisherWiley
dc.relation.ispartofActa Psychiatrica Scandinavica
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess
dc.subjectattention-deficiten
dc.subjecthyperactivity disorderen
dc.subjectadultsen
dc.subjectstructural MRIen
dc.subjectdiffusion tensor imagingen
dc.subjectmachine learning-based methodsen
dc.titleNeurobiological support to the diagnosis of ADHD in stimulant-naive adults: pattern recognition analyses of MRI dataen
dc.typeinfo:eu-repo/semantics/article
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