Simulação computacional de coluna de absorção contracorrente para SO2
Data
2022-07-27
Orientadores
Codolo, Milene Costa 
Tipo
Dissertação de mestrado
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
Os lavadores de gás são equipamentos importantes para a remoção de poluentes atmosféricos. Dentre os lavadores podemos destacar a coluna de pulverização, este equipamento é comummente utilizado para remoção de gases solúveis e possui vantagens como baixa queda de pressão, facilidade de manutenção e baixo custo. No entanto este equipamento possui fluidodinâmica complexa, o que dificulta sua análise e dimensionamento. Dessa forma, este trabalho tem o objetivo de realizar simulação utilizando as técnicas de fluidodinâmica computacional conhecida por CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) aplicadas à uma coluna de pulverização para absorção de dióxido de enxofre. As simulações consideraram a absorção de SO2 em uma coluna de pulverização contracorrente e as seguintes variáveis: vazão de gás, vazão de líquido, concentração de dióxido de enxofre e bicos pulverizadores de diferentes diâmetros de orifício. Este trabalho avaliou a transferência de massa no interior da coluna por meio da análise dos perfis de velocidade e de concentração de SO2, bem como a formação do filme de líquido gerado pelo impacto das gotículas com a parede interna da coluna, que é conhecido como efeito de parede. Os resultados obtidos pelas simulações em CFD apresentaram as principais zonas de absorção na coluna, a influência da velocidade do gás, das gotículas e do diâmetro das gotículas no processo de absorção de dióxido de enxofre.
Gas scrubbers are important equipment for the removal of atmospheric pollutant gases. Among the scrubbers we can highlight the spray column, this equipment is commonly used to remove soluble gases with advantages such as low pressure drop, ease of maintenance and low cost. However, this equipment has complex fluid dynamics, which makes its analysis and design difficult. Thus, this work has as objective the simulation using the computational fluid techniques known as CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) applied to a spray column for fuel dioxide absorption. The simulations considered the absorption of SO2 in a countercurrent spray column and as the following variables: gas variation, liquid flow, sulfur dioxide concentration and spray nozzles with different openings. This work evaluated the mass transfer inside the column by analyzing velocity profiles and SO2 concentration, as well as the formation of the liquid film generated by the wall by the droplets impact with an internal column, which is known as the effect of wall. The simulations obtained in CFD showed, as the main absorption zones in the column, the influence of gas velocity, droplets and particle diameter in the sulfur dioxide absorption process.
Gas scrubbers are important equipment for the removal of atmospheric pollutant gases. Among the scrubbers we can highlight the spray column, this equipment is commonly used to remove soluble gases with advantages such as low pressure drop, ease of maintenance and low cost. However, this equipment has complex fluid dynamics, which makes its analysis and design difficult. Thus, this work has as objective the simulation using the computational fluid techniques known as CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) applied to a spray column for fuel dioxide absorption. The simulations considered the absorption of SO2 in a countercurrent spray column and as the following variables: gas variation, liquid flow, sulfur dioxide concentration and spray nozzles with different openings. This work evaluated the mass transfer inside the column by analyzing velocity profiles and SO2 concentration, as well as the formation of the liquid film generated by the wall by the droplets impact with an internal column, which is known as the effect of wall. The simulations obtained in CFD showed, as the main absorption zones in the column, the influence of gas velocity, droplets and particle diameter in the sulfur dioxide absorption process.