Neoextrativismo no Brasil: uma análise dos fluxos materiais
Data
2022-02-07
Autores
Berri, Pedro Veiga 
Orientadores
Saes, Beatriz Macchione
Tipo
Trabalho de conclusão de curso
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
O presente trabalho analisa os fluxos materiais da balança comercial brasileira entre os anos de 2000-2017, considerando o modelo neoextrativista de crescimento econômico latino-americano, que esteve presente nesse período. Pela ótica desse fenômeno, é importante notar qual foi a contrapartida para o Brasil em termos físicos para ter um superávit na balança comercial, e a conjuntura do período que favoreceu a exportação de commodities em detrimento de outros produtos.
Para essa pesquisa, foi realizada uma retomada na bibliografia sobre comércio internacional, mais especificamente sobre as vantagens comparativas e suas críticas, uma vez que a teoria teve bastante importância no planejamento estatal. Depois disso, um aprofundamento no conceito de neoextrativismo, que auxilia a descrever esse período como uma retomada da exploração e exportação de bens primários no mercado mundial, especialmente no caso brasileiro. E, por último, uma análise das exportações brasileiras, juntamente com a quantidade comercializada em toneladas.
Pode-se inferir que o fenômeno do neoextrativismo ocorreu no Brasil devido a dependência na exportação das commodities e seus preços elevados no mercado mundial na década de 2000. As toneladas exportadas de bens primários aumentaram após a queda dos preços internacionais, gerando uma externalidade ecológica negativa ainda maior para o país para manter a balança comercial superavitária, e mantendo o país na condição de exportador primário de commodities.
The present work seeks to analyze the material flows of the Brazilian trade balance between the years 2000-2017, considering the neo-extractivist model of Latin American economic growth, which was present in this period. From the perspective of this phenomenon, it is important to note the counterpart for Brazil in physical terms, to have a surplus in the trade balance, and also the situation in the period that favored the export of commodities to the detriment of other products. For this research, a review of the bibliography on international trade was made, more specifically on comparative advantages and its criticisms since the theory was very important in state planning. After that, a deepening of the concept of neo-extractivism, which helps to describe this period as a resumption of exploration and export of primary goods in the world market, especially in the case of Brazil. And, finally, an analysis of Brazilian exports, together with the quantity explored in tons. It can be inferred that the neo-extractivism phenomenon occurred in Brazil due to the dependence on commodity exports and their high prices on the world market in the 2000s. The exported tons of primary goods increased after the fall in international prices, generating an even greater negative ecological externality for the country to maintain the trade balance in surplus and keeping the country as a primary exporter of commodities.
The present work seeks to analyze the material flows of the Brazilian trade balance between the years 2000-2017, considering the neo-extractivist model of Latin American economic growth, which was present in this period. From the perspective of this phenomenon, it is important to note the counterpart for Brazil in physical terms, to have a surplus in the trade balance, and also the situation in the period that favored the export of commodities to the detriment of other products. For this research, a review of the bibliography on international trade was made, more specifically on comparative advantages and its criticisms since the theory was very important in state planning. After that, a deepening of the concept of neo-extractivism, which helps to describe this period as a resumption of exploration and export of primary goods in the world market, especially in the case of Brazil. And, finally, an analysis of Brazilian exports, together with the quantity explored in tons. It can be inferred that the neo-extractivism phenomenon occurred in Brazil due to the dependence on commodity exports and their high prices on the world market in the 2000s. The exported tons of primary goods increased after the fall in international prices, generating an even greater negative ecological externality for the country to maintain the trade balance in surplus and keeping the country as a primary exporter of commodities.
Descrição
Citação
BERRI, Pedro Veiga. Neoextrativismo no Brasil: uma análise dos fluxos materiais. 2022. Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Bacharelado em Ciências Econômicas) - Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Política, Economia e Negócios, Osasco, 2022.