Prevalência de enteroparasitoses no estado de São Paulo: uma revisão da literatura (2000-2022)
Data
2023-12-01
Autores
Pereira, Agatha Maíra da Silva 
Orientadores
Tonelli, Renata Rosito
Tipo
Trabalho de conclusão de curso
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
O parasitismo pode ser definido como uma associação entre seres vivos onde existe benefícios a somente um dos associados, neste caso, o organismo parasita. Os parasitas que infectam o intestino dos seus hospedeiros são chamados de enteroparasitas que incluem bactérias, vírus, fungos, protozoários e helmintos. As infecções intestinais causadas por protozoários e helmintos, afetam mais de 4 bilhões de pessoas no mundo, na maioria crianças, devido a imaturidade imunológica e aos hábitos de higiene em desenvolvimento. De fato, as infecções intestinais são ainda um problema de saúde pública, principalmente nos países de baixa renda que estão relacionados as baixas condições de saneamento básico, higiene, saúde e informações sanitárias (RITTBERG et al., 2022). Este trabalho teve por o objetivo, avaliar os principais parasitas intestinais que acometem a população do Estado de São Paulo (período de 2000-2022), apontando as regiões onde as enteroparasitoses são prevalentes. Para isso, foram realizadas buscas sistemáticas por meio de pesquisas qualitativas e descritivas de artigos indexados nas bases SciELO e Pubmed e na ferramenta de buscas Google Acadêmico. No total, foram encontrados 27 estudos sobre o tema deste trabalho que compuseram essa pesquisa. Os resultados mostram que dos 645 municípios paulistas, 16 deles foram observados na pesquisa. Os protozoários intestinais mais encontrados foram a Giardia lamblia, seguido da Entamoeba coli e Endolimax nana e entre os helmintos Ascaris lumbricoides, seguido do Toxocara SPP. e Trichuris trichiura. Essas infecções podem ser adquiridas por qualquer ser humano, porém, estão presentes principalmente em crianças em idade escolar, sendo intensificadas por suas condições sociais, econômicas, culturais e localidade.
Parasitism can be defined as an association between living organisms where only one of the associates benefits, in this case, the parasitic organism. Parasites that infect the intestines of their hosts are called enteroparasites and include bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa, and helminths. Intestinal infections caused by protozoa and helminths affect over 4 billion people worldwide, mostly children, due to immature immunity and developing hygiene habits. Indeed, intestinal infections remain a public health problem, particularly in low-income countries, associated with poor sanitation, hygiene, health, and sanitary information (RITTBERG et al., 2022). This study aimed to assess the main intestinal parasites affecting the population of the State of São Paulo (2000-2022), identifying regions where enteroparasitoses are prevalent. Systematic searches were conducted through qualitative and descriptive research of articles indexed in the SciELO and PubMed databases and the Google Scholar search tool. In total, 27 studies on the topic were found and included in this research. The results indicate that out of the 645 municipalities in São Paulo, 16 were observed in the study. The most common intestinal protozoa were Giardia lamblia, followed by Entamoeba coli and Endolimax nana, and among helminths, Ascaris lumbricoides was the most prevalent, followed by Toxocara spp. and Trichuris trichiura. These infections can be acquired by any human being but are especially prevalent in school-aged children, exacerbated by their social, economic, cultural, and geographical conditions.
Parasitism can be defined as an association between living organisms where only one of the associates benefits, in this case, the parasitic organism. Parasites that infect the intestines of their hosts are called enteroparasites and include bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa, and helminths. Intestinal infections caused by protozoa and helminths affect over 4 billion people worldwide, mostly children, due to immature immunity and developing hygiene habits. Indeed, intestinal infections remain a public health problem, particularly in low-income countries, associated with poor sanitation, hygiene, health, and sanitary information (RITTBERG et al., 2022). This study aimed to assess the main intestinal parasites affecting the population of the State of São Paulo (2000-2022), identifying regions where enteroparasitoses are prevalent. Systematic searches were conducted through qualitative and descriptive research of articles indexed in the SciELO and PubMed databases and the Google Scholar search tool. In total, 27 studies on the topic were found and included in this research. The results indicate that out of the 645 municipalities in São Paulo, 16 were observed in the study. The most common intestinal protozoa were Giardia lamblia, followed by Entamoeba coli and Endolimax nana, and among helminths, Ascaris lumbricoides was the most prevalent, followed by Toxocara spp. and Trichuris trichiura. These infections can be acquired by any human being but are especially prevalent in school-aged children, exacerbated by their social, economic, cultural, and geographical conditions.