Análise de projetos de gerenciamento de resíduos sólidos em eventos universitários: o caso da Sustentare Jr.
Data
2020-10-23
Autores
Câmara, Stella Hoffman 
Orientadores
Costa, Rosangela Calado da
Tipo
Trabalho de conclusão de curso
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
Desde a criação da Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos (PNRS), o Brasil depara-se
com desafios para alcançar os objetivos propostos no que concerne à gestão desse tema. Entre
as consequências da dificuldade na implementação efetiva da PNRS, observada, por exemplo,
pela disposição inadequada de resíduos sólidos, encontram-se contaminação ambiental,
impactos na saúde pública e na saúde do ambiente. Diante disso, torna-se necessário propor
medidas criativas para a resolução dos problemas gerados por todos os atores envolvidos. Um
dos segmentos em que se pode atuar para diminuir os impactos ambientais dos resíduos sólidos
compreende o setor de eventos de diversos tipos, que geram pontualmente quantidades
expressivas de resíduos, e que são muito comuns na sociedade, trazendo, então, a necessidade
de administrar o que é gerado de maneira mais eficiente. Assim, a pesquisa objetivou, por meio
da sistematização e análise de projetos de gerenciamento de resíduos sólidos em eventos
festivos universitários realizados por uma empresa júnior, gerar informações que podem ser
úteis ao aprimoramento de projetos de mesma natureza. Para isso, foi utilizada uma combinação
de metodologias, envolvendo análise das etapas de elaboração e de implementação do projeto;
caracterização e quantificação gravimétrica dos resíduos gerados nos eventos; realização de
oficina para identificar os pontos fortes, as oportunidades, as fraquezas e as ameaças
(metodologia FOFA) em torno do projeto, de acordo com a perspectiva dos membros da
empresa júnior que atuam ou atuaram nos projetos de gerenciamento de resíduos sólidos;
entrevistas com os contratantes do serviço, para conhecer a sua percepção acerca dos projetos
realizados; e questionários “on-line” aplicados entre o público participante dos eventos, a fim
de investigar suas percepções sobre o projeto e como são observadas as ações implementadas
pela empresa júnior. Como principais resultados, entre os pontos positivos da implementação
desse tipo de projeto, estão a sensibilização ambiental de atores envolvidos no processo, o
encaminhamento de mais de 400 kg de materiais recicláveis para a reciclagem e a visibilidade
da empresa dentro da universidade; entre os pontos negativos, encontram-se deficiências na
comunicação e nos treinamentos oferecidos, bem como necessidade de melhorias nas
metodologias utilizadas nos projetos. Em conclusão, entende-se que esse tipo de projeto possui
relevância social, pois contribui para que menos resíduos precisem ser coletados pelas
prefeituras locais, gerando economia ao poder público e melhoria da qualidade ambiental local.
Dessa forma, é importante que sejam direcionados esforços para seu aprimoramento contínuo.
Since the creation of the National Solid Waste Policy (PNRS), Brazil has faced challenges to achieve the proposed objectives regarding the management of this theme. Among the consequences of the difficulty in the effective implementation of the PNRS, observed, for example, by the inadequate disposal of solid waste, are environmental contamination, impacts on public and environmental health. Therefore, it is necessary to propose creative measures to solve the problems generated by all the actors involved. One of the segments in which is possible to take action to reduce the environmental impacts of solid waste comprises the sector of events of various types, which occasionally generate significant amounts of waste, and are common in society, thus bringing the need to manage the generated solid waste more efficiently. Thus, the research aimed, through the systematization and analysis of solid waste management projects held by a junior company in festive university events, to generate information that can be useful for the improvement of projects of the same nature. For this, a combination of methodologies was used: analysis of the stages of the projects design and implementation; gravimetric characterization and quantification of waste generated at events; conduction of a workshop to identify the strengths, opportunities, weaknesses and threats (SWOT analysis) around the project, according to the perspective of the junior company members who work or have worked on solid waste management projects; interviews with service contractors, to get to know their perception about the projects carried out; and “online” questionnaires applied among the public that have participated the events, in order to investigate their perceptions about the project and how the actions implemented by the junior company were perceived by them. As main results, among the positive points of the implementation of this type of project, are the environmental awareness of actors involved in the process, the routed of more than 400 kg of recyclable materials for recycling and the company's visibility within the university; among the negative points are deficiencies in communication and training offered, as well as the need for improvements in the methodologies used in the projects. In conclusion, this type of project has social relevance, as it contributes to less waste that needs collection by local city halls, generating savings for public authorities and improving local environmental quality. Thus, it is important to make efforts towards its continuous improvement.
Since the creation of the National Solid Waste Policy (PNRS), Brazil has faced challenges to achieve the proposed objectives regarding the management of this theme. Among the consequences of the difficulty in the effective implementation of the PNRS, observed, for example, by the inadequate disposal of solid waste, are environmental contamination, impacts on public and environmental health. Therefore, it is necessary to propose creative measures to solve the problems generated by all the actors involved. One of the segments in which is possible to take action to reduce the environmental impacts of solid waste comprises the sector of events of various types, which occasionally generate significant amounts of waste, and are common in society, thus bringing the need to manage the generated solid waste more efficiently. Thus, the research aimed, through the systematization and analysis of solid waste management projects held by a junior company in festive university events, to generate information that can be useful for the improvement of projects of the same nature. For this, a combination of methodologies was used: analysis of the stages of the projects design and implementation; gravimetric characterization and quantification of waste generated at events; conduction of a workshop to identify the strengths, opportunities, weaknesses and threats (SWOT analysis) around the project, according to the perspective of the junior company members who work or have worked on solid waste management projects; interviews with service contractors, to get to know their perception about the projects carried out; and “online” questionnaires applied among the public that have participated the events, in order to investigate their perceptions about the project and how the actions implemented by the junior company were perceived by them. As main results, among the positive points of the implementation of this type of project, are the environmental awareness of actors involved in the process, the routed of more than 400 kg of recyclable materials for recycling and the company's visibility within the university; among the negative points are deficiencies in communication and training offered, as well as the need for improvements in the methodologies used in the projects. In conclusion, this type of project has social relevance, as it contributes to less waste that needs collection by local city halls, generating savings for public authorities and improving local environmental quality. Thus, it is important to make efforts towards its continuous improvement.