Glifosato em diversas áreas protegidas pelo mundo
Data
2024-09-12
Autores
Oliveira, Ana Julya Luna Andrade de 
Orientadores
Castro, Ítalo Braga de
Tipo
Trabalho de conclusão de curso
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
A implementação de Áreas Protegidas é de extrema importância para a conservação dos ecossistemas marinhos e terrestres, bem como para a preservação da biodiversidade e dos aspectos socioculturais das regiões. No entanto, a contaminação e a poluição são desafios significativos enfrentados por essas áreas, e poucos estudos têm investigado a ocorrência do glifosato e seus metabólitos em matrizes ambientais obtidas no interior das APs. O glifosato é um herbicida amplamente utilizado na agricultura e no manejo de vegetação, mas tem gerado discussões sobre seus potenciais efeitos nocivos à saúde humana e ao ambiente. Estudos têm relatado efeitos tóxicos adversos do glifosato e de seus metabólitos em mamíferos e organismos aquáticos. Além disso, a presença do glifosato em águas subterrâneas foi detectada em diferentes regiões do mundo, inclusive em áreas protegidas. Compreender o grau de proteção das APs contra a contaminação por glifosato é crucial para garantir a preservação dos ecossistemas terrestres e marinhos, bem como evitar a perda de biodiversidade. No entanto, monitorar essas áreas de forma direta é um desafio devido à sua extensão e quantidade. Portanto, abordagens recentes utilizando dados coletados na literatura têm fornecido informações sistematizadas que permitem avaliar os impactos sobre as APs de forma mais abrangente. Os resultados indicam que estudos sobre glifosato nos últimos cinco anos abrangeram 20 países em quatro continentes, com 710 pontos de amostragem, revelando ampla contaminação por esse composto. No entanto, a maior parte dos dados se concentra em alguns países, como Japão, Brasil, Polônia, Grécia e Marrocos, evidenciando uma baixa representatividade global e uma lacuna significativa no conhecimento sobre a contaminação por glifosato. Em 47 áreas protegidas APs, foram identificados 238 registros de ocorrência de glifosato em países como Brasil, França, Grécia, Japão, Polônia, Suíça e Venezuela. As APs afetadas, classificadas em diferentes categorias de restrição pela IUCN, podem ter seus objetivos de conservação comprometidos devido à toxicidade do glifosato e seus metabólitos. Portanto, há necessidade de mais estudos para avaliar os efeitos desses contaminantes sobre a biota dessas áreas e fornecer subsídios para a gestão ambiental dessa ameaça.
The implementation of Protected Areas is extremely important for the conservation of marine and terrestrial ecosystems, as well as for the preservation of biodiversity and the socio-cultural aspects of the regions. However, contamination and pollution are significant challenges faced by these areas, and few studies have investigated the occurrence of glyphosate and its metabolites in environmental matrices obtained within PAs. Glyphosate is a herbicide widely used in agriculture and vegetation management, but it has generated discussions about its potential harmful effects on human health and the environment. Studies have reported adverse toxic effects of glyphosate and its metabolites in mammals and aquatic organisms. Furthermore, the presence of glyphosate in groundwater has been detected in different regions of the world, including protected areas. Understanding the degree of protection of PAs against glyphosate contamination is crucial to ensure the preservation of terrestrial and marine ecosystems, as well as to avoid the loss of biodiversity. However, monitoring these areas directly is a challenge due to their size and quantity. Therefore, recent approaches using data collected in the literature have provided systematized information that allows assessing the impacts on PAs in a more comprehensive way. The results indicate that studies on glyphosate over the past five years have covered 20 countries across four continents, with 710 sampling points, revealing widespread contamination by this compound. However, most of the data is concentrated in a few countries, such as Japan, Brazil, Poland, Greece, and Morocco, highlighting a low global representativeness and a significant gap in knowledge regarding glyphosate contamination. In 47 PAs, 238 records of glyphosate occurrence were identified in countries such as Brazil, France, Greece, Japan, Poland, Switzerland, and Venezuela. The affected PAs, classified into different IUCN categories of restriction, may have their conservation objectives compromised due to the toxicity of glyphosate and its metabolites. Therefore, more studies are needed to assess the effects of these contaminants on the biota of these areas and to provide support for environmental management regarding this threat.
The implementation of Protected Areas is extremely important for the conservation of marine and terrestrial ecosystems, as well as for the preservation of biodiversity and the socio-cultural aspects of the regions. However, contamination and pollution are significant challenges faced by these areas, and few studies have investigated the occurrence of glyphosate and its metabolites in environmental matrices obtained within PAs. Glyphosate is a herbicide widely used in agriculture and vegetation management, but it has generated discussions about its potential harmful effects on human health and the environment. Studies have reported adverse toxic effects of glyphosate and its metabolites in mammals and aquatic organisms. Furthermore, the presence of glyphosate in groundwater has been detected in different regions of the world, including protected areas. Understanding the degree of protection of PAs against glyphosate contamination is crucial to ensure the preservation of terrestrial and marine ecosystems, as well as to avoid the loss of biodiversity. However, monitoring these areas directly is a challenge due to their size and quantity. Therefore, recent approaches using data collected in the literature have provided systematized information that allows assessing the impacts on PAs in a more comprehensive way. The results indicate that studies on glyphosate over the past five years have covered 20 countries across four continents, with 710 sampling points, revealing widespread contamination by this compound. However, most of the data is concentrated in a few countries, such as Japan, Brazil, Poland, Greece, and Morocco, highlighting a low global representativeness and a significant gap in knowledge regarding glyphosate contamination. In 47 PAs, 238 records of glyphosate occurrence were identified in countries such as Brazil, France, Greece, Japan, Poland, Switzerland, and Venezuela. The affected PAs, classified into different IUCN categories of restriction, may have their conservation objectives compromised due to the toxicity of glyphosate and its metabolites. Therefore, more studies are needed to assess the effects of these contaminants on the biota of these areas and to provide support for environmental management regarding this threat.
Descrição
Citação
OLIVEIRA, Ana Julya Luna Andrade de. Glifosato em diversas áreas protegidas pelo mundo. 2024. 41 f. Trabalho de conclusão de curso (Graduação em Engenharia Ambiental) - Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Instituto do Mar, Santos, 2024.