Crack cocaine addiction, early life stress and accelerated cellular aging among women
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2016
Autores
Levandowski, Mateus Luz
Tractenberg, Saulo Gantes
de Azeredo, Lucas Araujo
De Nardi, Tatiana
Rovaris, Diego L.
Bau, Claiton H. D.
Rizzo, Lucas Bortolotto [UNIFESP]
Maurya, Pawan Kumar [UNIFESP]
Brietzke, Elisa [UNIFESP]
Tyrka, Audrey R.
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Background: Early life stress (ELS) and addiction are related to age-related diseases and telomere shortening. However, the role of telomere length (TL) in crack cocaine addiction remains unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate the TL in a sample of crack cocaine dependent-women who reported an ELS history and in a community-based sample of elderly women as a reference group for senescence. Methods: This study included treatment seeking crack cocaine dependents women (n = 127) and elderly women without a psychiatric diagnosis (ELD, n = 49). The crack cocaine sample was divided in two groups according to their Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) scores: presence of history of childhood abuse and neglect (CRACK-ELS) and absence of ELS history (CRACK). TL was assessed by T/S ratio obtained from peripheral blood DNA using quantitative PCR assay. esults: CRACK and CRACK-ELS subjects exhibited shortened TL in comparison to the ELD group, despite their younger age. Among crack cocaine sample, CRACK-ELS group had significantly shorter telomeres than the CRACK group. Correlation analysis within crack cocaine group indicated that TL was negatively correlated with emotional abuse scores. Conclusions: These results support previous findings associating telomere shortening with both ELS and drug addiction. This study suggests new evidence of a distinct biological phenotype for drug-dependent women with ELS. The results support the biological senescence hypothesis underpinning ELS experience. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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Progress In Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry. Oxford, v. 71, p. 83-89, 2016.