Navegando por Palavras-chave "sporotrichosis"
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- ItemSomente MetadadadosCharacterization of virulence profile, protein secretion and immunogenicity of different Sporothrix schenckii sensu stricto isolates compared with S. globosa and S. brasiliensis species(Landes Bioscience, 2013-04-01) Fernandes, Geisa Ferreira [UNIFESP]; Santos, Priscila Oliveira dos [UNIFESP]; Rodrigues, Anderson Messias [UNIFESP]; Sasaki, Alexandre Augusto [UNIFESP]; Burger, Eva; Camargo, Zoilo Pires de [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Univ Fed AlfenasA comparative study about protein secretion, immunogenicity and virulence was performed in order to characterize and to compare eight Sporothrix schenckii sensu stricto isolates. for virulence characterization, a murine model, based on survival assay and CFU counting was used. S. brasiliensis and S. globosa, a highly virulent and a non-virulent isolates, respectively were used as external controls. Exoantigen profiles showed different secreted molecules; the 46- and 60-kDa molecules were commonly secreted by all three species. the S. schenckii s. str. isolates could be classified as non-virulent or presenting low, medium or high virulence, based on survival times after infection and recovery of viable fungi. the humoral response profiles of mice infected with S. schenckii s. str., S. globosa and S. brasiliensis were heterogeneous; five virulent isolates (S. schenckii s. str., n = 4 and S. brasiliensis, n = 1) had in common the recognition of the 60-kDa molecule by their respective antisera, suggesting that this antigen may be involved in virulence. Furthermore, the 110-kDa molecule was secreted and recognized by antisera from four virulent isolates (S. schenckii s. str., n = 3 and S. brasiliensis, n = 1), so there is a possibility that this molecule is also related to virulence. Our findings reveal different degrees of virulence in S. schenckii s. str. isolates and suggest the correlation of protein secretion and immunogenicity with virulence of S. schenckii complex. These findings provide new insights into the pathogenesis of S. schenckii s. str. and improve the knowledge about immunogenicity and protein profiles in S. schenckii complex.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosEmergence of pathogenicity in the Sporothrix schenckii complex(Informa Healthcare, 2013-05-01) Rodrigues, Anderson Messias [UNIFESP]; De Hoog, Sybren; Camargo, Zoilo Pires de [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); CBS KNAW Fungal Biodivers CtrSporothrix schenckii sensu lato is a complex of thermally dimorphic species whose natural habitats are soil and plant materials. However, the traumatic implantation of the species into human skin is traditionally thought to be the route leading to the fungal disease sporotrichosis. the complex contains Sporotrhix mexicana, S. globosa, S. brasiliensis, S. luriei, in addition to S. schenckii sensu stricto. in this study we evaluated the differences among these species relative to their frequency in the environment and in human hosts, as well as discuss their remarkable diverse pathogenicity. Today, S. brasiliensis is epidemic in and geographically restricted to Brazil. in contrast, S. mexicana and S. globosa have rarely been reported over the decades. We discovered that the species have been present in collections from clinical cases since 1955 and were able to re-identify six isolates originally classified as S. schenckii as Sporothrix mexicana (three isolates) and Sporothrix globosa (three isolates). Despite their long presence as potential human pathogens they have not shown any increase in frequency as etiologic agents of human infections.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Emerging sporotrichosis is driven by clonal and recombinant Sporothrix species(Nature Publishing Group, 2014-05-07) Rodrigues, Anderson Messias [UNIFESP]; Sybren de Hoog, G.; Zhang, Yu; Camargo, Zoilo Pires de [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); KNAW Fungal Biodivers CtrSporotrichosis, caused by agents of the fungal genus Sporothrix, occurs worldwide, but the infectious species are not evenly distributed. Sporothrix propagules usually gain entry into the warm-blooded host through minor trauma to the skin from contaminated plant debris or through scratches or bites from felines carrying the disease, generally in the form of outbreaks. Over the last decade, sporotrichosis has changed from a relatively obscure endemic infection to an epidemic zoonotic health problem. We evaluated the impact of the feline host on the epidemiology, spatial distribution, prevalence and genetic diversity of human sporotrichosis. Nuclear and mitochondrial markers revealed large structural genetic differences between S. brasiliensis and S. schenckii populations, suggesting that the interplay of host, pathogen and environment has a structuring effect on the diversity, frequency and distribution of Sporothrix species. Phylogenetic data support a recent habitat shift within S. brasiliensis from plant to cat that seems to have occurred in southeastern Brazil and is responsible for its emergence. A clonal structure was found in the early expansionary phase of the cathuman epidemic. However, the prevalent recombination structure in the plant-associated pathogen S. schenckii generates a diversity of genotypes that did not show any significant increase in frequency as etiological agents of human infection over time. These results suggest that closely related pathogens can follow different strategies in epidemics. Thus, species-specific types of transmission may require distinct public health strategies for disease control.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosIn vitro susceptibility of antifungal drugs against Sporothrix brasiliensis recovered from cats with sporotrichosis in Brazil(Oxford Univ Press, 2016) Nogueira Brilhante, Raimunda Samia [UNIFESP]; Rodrigues, Anderson Messias [UNIFESP]; Costa Sidrim, Jose Julio [UNIFESP]; Gadelha Rocha, Marcos Fabio [UNIFESP]; Pereira, Sandro Antonio; Ferreira Gremiao, Isabella Dib; Pacheco Schubach, Tania Maria; de Camargo, Zoilo Pires [UNIFESP]Sporotrichosis is an important subcutaneous mycosis of humans and animals. Classically, the disease is acquired upon traumatic inoculation of Sporothrix propagules from contaminated soil and plant debris. In addition, the direct horizontal transmission of Sporothrix among animals and the resulting zoonotic infection in humans highlight an alternative and efficient rout of transmission through biting and scratching. Sporothrix brasiliensis is themost virulent species of the Sporothrix schenckii complex and is responsible for the long-lasting outbreak of feline sporotrichosis in Brazil. However, antifungal susceptibility data of animal-borne isolates is scarce. Therefore, this study evaluated the in vitro activity of amphotericin B, caspofungin, itraconazole, voriconazole, fluconazole, and ketoconazole against animal-borne isolates of S. brasiliensis. The susceptibility tests were performed through broth microdilution (M38-A2). The results show the relevant activity of itraconazole, amphotericin B, and ketoconazole against S. brasiliensis, with the following MIC ranges: 0.125-2, 0.125-4 and 0.0312-2 mu g/ml, respectively. Caspofungin was moderately effective, displaying higher variation in MIC values (0.25-64 mu g/ml). Voriconazole (2-64 mu g/ml) and fluconazole (62.5-500 mu g/ml) showed low activity against S. brasiliensis strains. This study contributed to the characterization of the in vitro antifungal susceptibility of strains of S. brasiliensis recovered from cats with sporotrichosis, which have recently been considered the main source of human infections.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosLymphangitic sporotrichosis: An uncommon bilateral localization(Kluwer Academic Publ, 1998-01-01) Tomimori-Yamashita, J.; Takahashi, C. H.; Fichman, O.; Costa, E. B.; Michalany, N. S.; Alchorne, MMA; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Sporotrichosis is a mycotic disease caused by cutaneous inoculation of the dimorphic fungus Sporothrix schenckii. the primary lesion can spread and often develop a unilateral lymphocutaneous lesions or, rarely, disseminated disease. We report a lymphangitic sporotrichosis case with ulcerated erythematous nodules distributed bilaterally on the posterior and medial aspect of the both legs, probably due to multiple inoculations. the treatment with oral potassium iodide was satisfactory.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosSporotrichosis between 1898 and 2017: The evolution of knowledge on a changeable disease and on emerging etiological agents.(Oxford Univ Press, 2018) Lopes-Bezerra, Leila Maria; Mora-Montes, Hector M.; Zhang, Yu; Nino-Vega, Gustavo; Rodrigues, Anderson Messias [UNIFESP]; Camargo, Zoilo Pires [UNIFESP]; Hoog, SybrenThe description of cryptic species with different pathogenic potentials has changed the perspectives on sporotrichosis. Sporothrix schenckii causes a benign chronic subcutaneous mycosis, Sporothrix brasiliensis is highly virulent, and Sporothrix globosa mainly causes fixed cutaneous lesions. Furthermore, S. brasiliensis is the prevalent species related to cat-transmitted sporotrichosis. Sources of infection, transmission, and distribution patterns also differ between species, and variability differs between species because of different degrees of clonality. The present review article will cover several aspects of the biology of clinically relevant agents of sporotrichosis, including epidemiological aspects of emerging species. Genomic information of Sporothrix spp. is also discussed. The cell wall is an essential structure for cell viability, interaction with the environment, and the host immune cells and contains several macromolecules involved in virulence. Due to its importance, aspects of glycosylation and cell wall polysaccharides are reviewed. Recent genome data and bioinformatics analyses helped to identify specific enzymes of the biosynthetic glycosylation routes, with no homologs in mammalian cells, which can be putative targets for development of antifungal drugs. A diversity of molecular techniques is available for the recognition of the clinically relevant species of Sporothrix. Furthermore, antigens identified as diagnostic markers and putative vaccine candidates are described. Cell-mediated immunity plays a key role in controlling infection, but Sporothrix species differ in their interaction with the host. The adaptive branch of the immune response is essential for appropriate control of infection.