Navegando por Palavras-chave "personality disorders"

Agora exibindo 1 - 2 de 2
  • Imagem de Miniatura
    Item
    Acesso aberto (Open Access)
    The involvement of the orbitofrontal cortex in psychiatric disorders: an update of neuroimaging findings
    (Associação Brasileira de Psiquiatria - ABP, 2012-06-01) Jackowski, Andrea Parolin [UNIFESP]; Araujo Filho, Gerardo Maria de [UNIFESP]; Almeida, Amanda Cristina Galvão Oliveira de [UNIFESP]; Araújo, Célia Maria de [UNIFESP]; Reis, Marília [UNIFESP]; Nery, Fabiana [UNIFESP]; Batista, Ilza Rosa [UNIFESP]; Silva, Ivaldo da [UNIFESP]; Lacerda, Acioly Luiz Tavares de [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade Federal da Bahia Affective Disorders Center; Instituto Sinapse de Neurociências Clínicas; Centro de Pesquisa e Ensaios Clínicos Sinapse-Bairral
    OBJECTIVE: To report structural and functional neuroimaging studies exploring the potential role of the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) in the pathophysiology of the most prevalent psychiatric disorders (PD). METHOD: A non-systematic literature review was conducted by means of MEDLINE using the following terms as parameters: orbitofrontal cortex, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, major depression, anxiety disorders, personality disorders and drug addiction. The electronic search was done up to July 2011. DISCUSSION: Structural and functional OFC abnormalities have been reported in many PD, namely schizophrenia, mood disorders, anxiety disorders, personality disorders and drug addiction. Structural magnetic resonance imaging studies have reported reduced OFC volume in patients with schizophrenia, mood disorders, PTSD, panic disorder, cluster B personality disorders and drug addiction. Furthermore, functional magnetic resonance imaging studies using cognitive paradigms have shown impaired OFC activity in all PD listed above. CONCLUSION: Neuroimaging studies have observed an important OFC involvement in a number of PD. However, future studies are clearly needed to characterize the specific role of OFC on each PD as well as understanding its role in both normal and pathological behavior, mood regulation and cognitive functioning.
  • Nenhuma Miniatura disponível
    Item
    Somente Metadadados
    Psychiatric disorders in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy: A controlled study of 100 patients
    (Elsevier B.V., 2007-05-01) Araujo Filho, Gerardo Maria de; Pascalicchio, Tatiana F.; Silva Sousa, Patricia da; Lin, Katia; Guilhoto, Laura M. F. Ferreira; Yacubian, Elza Márcia Targas [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    In this controlled study we evaluated the frequency of psychiatric disorders (PDs) in 100 patients with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) and compared it with that of 100 healthy controls matched with respect to age, gender, schooling, and socioeconomic status. Our aim was to quantify the frequency of PDs and evaluate the relationship between PDs and factors related to epilepsy. Subjects were evaluated with the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I disorders (SCID-I) and Axis II disorders (SCID-II). Patients with JME presented with significantly more PDs (P < 0.01) and psychosocial problems (P < 0.01) than the controls. PDs were diagnosed in 49 patients with JME. Anxiety and mood disorders, present in 23 and 19 patients, respectively, were the most frequently observed. Twenty patients fulfilled criteria for personality disorders; 17 (85%) patients had cluster B personalities comprising the behavioral characteristics impulsivity, humor reactivity, emotional instability, and difficulty in accepting social rules, similar to those cited in the earliest mentioned description of this syndrome. PDs were more frequently observed in patients with higher seizure frequency (P < 0.05). (C) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.