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- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Abordagens pedagógicas e tendências de mudanças nas escolas médicas(Associação Brasileira de Educação Médica, 2009-01-01) Aguilar-da-Silva, Rinaldo Henrique; Perim, Gianna Lepre; Abdalla, Ively Guimarães [UNIFESP]; Costa, Nilce Maria da Silva Campos; Lampert, Jadete Barbosa; Stella, Regina Celes de Rosa [UNIFESP]; Faculdade de Medicina de Marília; Universidade Estadual de Londrina; Ministério do Esporte Secretaria Nacional de Esporte Educacional; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade Federal de Goiás; Universidade Federal de Santa MariaThrough Caem, Abem is promoting the evaluation of change trends in Brazilian Medical Schools in order to build up an evaluation process capable of diagnosing each school's moment and following-up its development attaining to its mission, which is improving the health care provided to the Brazilian population. This project tool presents seventeen directions distributed over five axles relevant for medical education. One of these is the Pedagogical Approach which focuses building and following-up methods to identify the teaching - learning process and evaluation. Is the pedagogical approach student - centered, or teacher - centered? Are tutorials present? The schools can then be classified as traditional, innovative or advanced.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosThe Brazilian Amazon Region Eye Survey: Design and Methods(Taylor & Francis Inc, 2017) Salomao, Solange R. [UNIFESP]; Furtado, Joao Marcello [UNIFESP]; Berezovsky, Adriana [UNIFESP]; Cavascan, Nivea N. [UNIFESP]; Ferraz, Alberto N. [UNIFESP]; Cohen, Jacob M.; Munoz, Sergio; Belfort, Rubens, Jr. [UNIFESP]Purpose: To describe the study design, operational strategies, procedures, and baseline characteristics of the Brazilian Amazon Region Eye Survey (BARES), a population-based survey of the prevalence and causes of distance and near visual impairment and blindness in older adults residing in the city of Parintins. Methods: Cluster sampling, based on geographically defined census sectors, was used for cross-sectional random sampling of persons 45 years and older from urban and rural areas. Subjects were enumerated through a door-to-door survey and invited for measurement of uncorrected, presenting and best-corrected visual acuity and an ocular examination. Results: Of 9931 residents (5878 urban and 4053 rural), 2384 individuals (1410 urban and 974 rural) were eligible and 2041 (1180 urban and 861 rural) had a clinical examination (response rate 85.6%). The majority of participants were female (1041, 51.0%) the average age was 59.9 +/- 11.1 years (60.2 +/- 11.2 years for urban and 59.4 +/- 11.1 years for rural) 1360 (66.6%) had primary schooling or less (58.1% in urban and 78.4% in rural) and 57.8% were resident in urban areas. The age distribution between sexes was similar (p = 0.178). Both sex and age distributions of the sample were comparable to that of the Brazilian Amazon Region population. Conclusions: The BARES cohort will provide information about the prevalence and causes of near and distance vision in this underprivileged and remote population in Brazil.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Determination of angiotensin I-converting enzyme activity in equine blood: lack of agreement between methods of analysis(Korean Soc Veterinary Science, 2011-03-01) Costa, Maria Fernanda de Mello; Carmona, Adriana Karaoglanovic [UNIFESP]; Alves, Marcio Fernando Madureira [UNIFESP]; Ryan, Timothy M.; Davies, Helen M.; Anderson, Garry A.; Slocombe, Ron F.; Univ Melbourne; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Angiotensin-I converting enzyme (ACE) is a key regulator of blood pressure, electrolytes and fluid homeostasis through conversion of angiotensin I into angiotensin II. Recently, a genetic polymorphism of the ACE gene, which accounts for 47% of the variation of ACE activity in blood, has been advocated as a biomarker of athletic aptitude. Different methods of analysis and determination of ACE activity in plasma have been used in human and equine research without a consensus of a gold standard method. Different methods have often been used interchangeably or cited as being comparable in the existing literature; however, the actual agreement between assays has not been investigated. Therefore, in this study, we evaluated the level of agreement between three different assays using equine plasma obtained from 29 horses. Two spectrophotometric assays using Furylacryloyl-phenylalanyl-glycyl-glycine as substrate and one fluorimetric assay utilizing o-aminobenzoic acid-FRK-(Dnp)P-OH were employed. the results revealed that the measurements from the different assays were not in agreement, indicating that the methods should not be used interchangeably for measurement of equine ACE activity. Rather, a single method of analysis should be adopted to achieve comparable results and critical appraisal of the literature is needed when attempting to compare results obtained from different assays.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Dois métodos diferentes para análise cinemática dos movimentos de cabeça durante a coordenação viso-cefálica de lactentes(Associação Brasileira de Pesquisa e Pós-Graduação em Fisioterapia, 2008-10-01) Lima, Cd; Carvalho, Raquel de Paula [UNIFESP]; Barros, Rml; Tudella, Eloisa; Universidade Federal de São Carlos Departamento de Fisioterapia Setor de Neuropediatria; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)BACKGROUND: Kinematic analysis is a method for quantitative assessment applied in different fields of study. In the field of motor development, this analysis may promote better understanding of the acquisition and development of motor skills. OBJECTIVE: To develop and compare two experimental set-ups for kinematic analysis of head movements relating to eye-head coordination (EHC) in infants. METHODS: Two experimental set-ups (A and B) were tested. They differed from each other regarding the numbers and locations of the cameras, and regarding the volume of the calibration system. RESULTS: The accuracy of the two experimental set-ups was 2.47mm, thus indicating that both can provide realistic reconstructions of the movement. The three cameras used in set-up B made it possible to view the full range of motion with at least one of the cameras. This led to improvement of the qualitative analysis and reduction of the time taken to process quantitative data, which was 33% shorter than seen with set-up A. In addition, set-up B presented a better cost-benefit relationship. CONCLUSIONS: Although both set-ups were adequate for kinematic analysis of head movements relating to EHC in infants, set-up B is more advantageous. The methodology for set-up B can be used in studies investigating head movements in either typical or atypical infants. The results from such studies could be used to complement assessments on at-risk infants and consequently could assist in implementing early interventions.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosSleep rebound in animals deprived of paradoxical sleep by the modified multiple platform method(Elsevier B.V., 2000-09-01) Suchecki, D.; Palma, B. D.; Tufik, S.; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)The objective of the present study was to assess the sleep rebound of animals exposed to the modified multiple platform method (MMPM), in which cage-mate rats were placed onto narrow platforms (NP=6.5 cm in diameter), onto wide platforms (WP=14 cm in diameter) or onto a grid (GR). the last two groups were included as environmental controls for the deprivation method. Animals were implanted with bipolar electrodes in the cortex, hippocampus and neck muscle. Baseline sleep was recorded for 6 h, after which the animals were placed in one of the above-mentioned settings for 90 h and their sleep was again recorded. Comparison between baseline and post-GR recordings revealed no sleep differences in these animals. Placement of animals onto WP resulted in augmented sleep time (16%), time spent in PS (+99%), duration of PS episodes (+77%), sleep efficiency (+16%), and in reduced latency to PS (-84.8%). Finally, NP animals exhibited a dramatic increase in Sleep time (+34.3%), time spent in PS (+184.7%), duration of PS episodes (+106%), and in sleep efficiency (+34.4%). Moreover, sleep latency (-52.2%) and time spent in SWS (-12.2%) were reduced. Based on the results of sleep rebound, the data indicated that placement of animals onto narrow platforms in the MMPM was an effective PS deprivation method and the grid should be considered as an adequate environmental control. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.