Navegando por Palavras-chave "language and hearing sciences"

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    Erros de base fonológica na escrita: codificação de surdas e sonoras, segmentação e juntura vocabular
    (Academia Brasileira de Audiologia, 2014-09-01) Arnaut, Mirian Aratangy; Hackerott, Maria Mercedes Saraiva; Bueno, Gabriela Juliane; Nepomuceno, Pablo Felício; Ávila, Clara Regina Brandão de [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade Paulista Departamento de Publicidade e Propaganda
    PurposeThe present study investigated the characteristics of phonological information processing as manifested in the writing of dictated syntagmas, capable of indicating possible correlations and the predictive impact between the analyzed orthography errors (coding of voiced and voiceless phonemes, undue segmentation and word junction) according to the school system. MethodEighty children from both genders, aged between 6 and 11 years, were selected from those regularly enrolled between the 2nd and 5th years of primary education, in both public and private schools in the municipality of São Paulo. The participants wrote, as dictated to them, 34 noun syntagmas composed of high frequency words. ResultThe three types of error were correlated with one another according to different patterns in each school system. In the public schools, voice-voiceless coding errors and undue segmentations were positively correlated. Perception characteristics directed to the metric foot and the syllable might have influenced the children’s performance. As for the results in private schools, the perception of the phonological word, phonological phrase and intonational phrase might have influenced the correlations between errors of the voiced-voiceless type and junctions. ConclusionVoiced-voiceless coding errors, word junction and undue separation manifested differently between private and public schools, regarding writing performance. Only in private schools could the voiced-voiceless coding errors predict those of word junction and hypersegmentation.
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    Parâmetro de tempo para intervenção fonoaudiológica direcionada a crianças com distúrbios do espectro do autismo
    (Academia Brasileira de Audiologia, 2014-09-01) Tamanaha, Ana Carina [UNIFESP]; Perissinoto, Jacy [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    PurposeTo identify a time parameter of speech and language therapy for children with Autistic Spectrum Disorders assisted by the association of both direct and indirect actions, as only by indirect shares. MethodThe design of this study is the Clinical Trial pilot. The sample was composed of 11 children with autism spectrum disorders, 4-10 years old. These children were randomly divided into two groups: six were receiving both direct (individual session) and indirect intervention (parent orientation session) (Therapy Group - TG), and five were receiving exclusively indirect intervention (Orientation Group - OG). We used the Autism Behavior Checklist (ABC) to interview the mothers; Interaction Assessment (IA) and Sample of Vocal Behavior (SVB) to assess and to measure the evolution of children on three occasions: at the beginning, six months later and 12 months later. ResultWe observed there was greater evolution, in velocity and extension, in the first semester of TG in the Autism Behavior Checklist. In the Interaction Assessment and Sample of Vocal Behavior there were decreased values, specially between 0 and 1 time. ConclusionThe six month period is strong evidence for indirect action and for the association between indirect and direct actions. This measure of time can be a parameter for speech and language therapy for children with autism spectrum disorders.
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    Transient otoacustic emissions with tone pip in individuals with sensorineural hearing loss
    (Associação Brasileira de Otorrinolaringologia e Cirurgia Cervicofacial, 2011-10-01) Takeda, Thays Bueno; Gil, Daniela [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Otoacoustic Emissions are generated by the cochlea in response to sound stimuli. They can be generated by clicks or specific frequency stimuli, such as tone pips. This is a quick and objective test with several applications. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the influence of the type of stimulus achieving otoacoustic emissions in individuals with mild and moderate sensorineural hearing loss of sloping configuration. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Thirty-two male and female patients aged from 17 to 63 years, with symmetric sensorineural hearing loss with a sloping configuration were evaluated. All subjects underwent transient otoacoustic emissions testing elicited by clicks and 2.000Hz and 4.000Hz tone pips. RESULTS: The degree of hearing loss and gender influenced otoacoustic emissions; it was significant for click stimulus and tone pips at 2.000Hz. Emissions were absent more often in females with both procedures. CONCLUSIONS: Otoacoustic emissions evoked with clicks coincided with the emissions of tone pips at 2.000Hz. Tone pips at 4.000Hz were more sensitive than clicks for detecting impairment in individuals with high frequencies hearing loss. Gender and the degree of hearing loss ere factors that affected OAE registration.