Navegando por Palavras-chave "human immunodeficiency virus"
Agora exibindo 1 - 8 de 8
Resultados por página
Opções de Ordenação
- ItemSomente MetadadadosCell cycle distribution of CD4(+) lymphocytes in HIV-1-infected subjects(Wiley-Blackwell, 2004-11-01) Sauer, Mariana Melillo [UNIFESP]; Kallas, Esper Georges [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Background: Apoptosis is one of the possible explanations for the progressive loss of CD4(+) T lymphocytes in infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), which may interfere with cell cycle distribution. This study evaluated the cell cycle of CD4(+) and CD8(+) lymphocytes in HIV-infected subjects and controls.Methods: Two methods to identify lymphocytes for cell cycle analysis were evaluated, magnetic beads and concurrent staining, and both were followed by propidium iodide DNA labeling. the chosen method was used to evaluate the cell cycle of lymphocytes in HIV-1-infected subjects and controls.Results: There was no significant difference between the two methods, although a higher variability was observed with the magnetic bead cell separation method. A higher proportion of cells in the S phase was observed in HIV-1 patients (2.69% vs. 1.19%, P = 0.016), coupled with a decrease in G, (96.11% vs. 98.10%, P = 0.005) in CD4(+) lymphocytes, a phenomenon not observed in CD8(+) lymphocytes. No correlation was detected between the different cell cycle phases and T-lymphocyte counts or viral load.Conclusions: the present work developed a new approach to evaluate lymphocyte cell cycle distribution, applied in the setting of HIV-1 infection. It may contribute to the understanding of the CD4(+) T-Iymphocytes depletion seen in these patients. (C) 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosDetection and typing of human papillomavirus in cutaneous warts of patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1(Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2003-12-01) Porro, A. M.; Alchorne, MMA; Mota, G. R.; Michalany, N.; Pignatari, ACC; Souza, I. E.; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Background Cutaneous warts are caused by human papillomavirus (HPV). To date, more than 120 different types of HPV are known, of which 80 have been completely characterized. Prevalence studies on types of HPV present in cutaneous warts have been carried out in immunocompetent individuals and immunosuppressed organ allograft recipients, but not in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients.Objectives To determine the HPV types present in cutaneous warts of HIV-infected patients.Methods Twenty-five biopsies of cutaneous warts from HIV-infected patients and 14 samples from control non-HIV-infected patients were studied. HPV detection was performed by polymerase chain reaction using two sets of primers: MY09/MY11 and RK91. the type of HPV was determined by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis and direct sequencing of the amplified products.Results HPV DNA was detected in 64% of cutaneous warts from HIV-infected patients and in 79% of samples from the control group. the HPV types identified in HIV-infected patients were: HPV 2 (38%), 57 (31%), 27 (12%), 6 (12%) and 7 (6%). HPV 2/27/57 predominated in both groups, being present in 81% of lesions from HIV-infected patients and 82% of samples from non-HIV-infected patients. HPV 6, a genital HPV type rarely found in cutaneous lesions, was detected in two warts from HIV-infected patients and in one lesion of the immunocompetent group. HPV 7, characteristically associated with butcher's warts, and recently detected in oral and perioral lesions of HIV-infected patients, was found for the first time in a non-facial lesion of an HIV-infected patient.Conclusions This is the first study evaluating the prevalence of HPV types in cutaneous warts of HIV-infected patients and immunocompetent individuals in Brazil.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosEvaluation of HIV-1 resistance to antiretroviral drugs among 150 patients after six months of therapeutic interruption(Royal Soc Medicine Press Ltd, 2012-02-01) Kalmar, E. M. N.; Sanabani, S. S. [UNIFESP]; Costa, A. Charlys da [UNIFESP]; Ferreira, S.; Barreto, C. C.; Chen, S.; Sabino, E. C.; Universidade de São Paulo (USP); STD AIDS Reference & Training Ctr; Fundacao Prosangue; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); San Francisco Dept Publ HlthMost of the antiretroviral (ARV) studies in Brazil have been reported in treatment-experienced and naive patients rather than in the setting of treatment interruption (TI). in this study, we analysed reasons given for TI and resistance mutations occurring in 150 HIV-1-infected patients who underwent TI. of the patients analysed, 110 (73.3%) experienced TI following medical advice, while the remaining patients stopped antiretroviral therapy (ART) of their own accord. the main justifications for TI were: ARV-related toxicities (38.7%), good laboratory parameters (30%) and poor adherence (20%). DNA sequencing of the partial pol gene was successful in 137 (91.3%) patients, of whom 38 (27.7%) presented mutations conferring ARV resistance. A higher viral load prior to TI correlated with drug resistance (P < 0.05). Our results demonstrate that there are diverse rationales for TI and that detection of resistant strains during TI most likely indicates a fitter virus than the wild type. High viral loads coupled with unprotected sex in this group could increase the likelihood of transmission of drug-resistant virus. Thus, treating physicians should be alerted to this problem when the use of ARVs is interrupted.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Improving survival among Brazilian children with perinatally-acquired AIDS(Brazilian Society of Infectious Diseases, 2004-12-01) Matida, Luiza Harunari [UNIFESP]; Marcopito, Luiz Francisco [UNIFESP]; Succi, Regina Célia de Menezes [UNIFESP]; Marques, Heloisa Helena de Souza; Della Negra, Marinella; Grangeiro, Alexandre; Hearst, Norman; São Paulo State STD/AIDS Program; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); University of São Paulo; Infectious Disease Institute; National STD/AIDS Program; University of CaliforniaBrazil was the first developing country to provide free, universal access to antiretroviral treatment for AIDS patients. The Brazilian experience thus provides the first evidence regarding the impact of such treatment on the survival of perinatally acquired AIDS cases in the developing world. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This retrospective cohort study used medical record reviews to examine characteristics and trends in the survival of a representative sample of 914 perinatally acquired AIDS cases in 10 Brazilian cities diagnosed between 1983 and 1998. RESULTS: Survival time increased steadily and substantially. Whereas half of the children died within 20 months of diagnosis at the beginning of the epidemic, 75% of children diagnosed in 1997 and 1998 were still alive after four years of follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Advances in management and treatment have made a great difference in the survival of Brazilian children with AIDS. These results argue strongly for making such treatment available to children in the entire developing world.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosIncreased number and function of natural killer cells in human immunodeficiency virus 1-positive subjects co-infected with herpes simplex virus 2(Wiley-Blackwell, 2010-02-01) Long, Brian R.; Erickson, Ann E.; Chapman, Joan M.; Barbour, Jason D.; Vu, Bien-Aimee N.; Ho, Emily L.; Lanier, Lewis L.; Sauer, Mariana M. [UNIFESP]; Carvalho, Karina I. [UNIFESP]; Nixon, Douglas F.; Kallas, Esper G. [UNIFESP]; Univ Calif San Francisco; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade de São Paulo (USP)P>Natural killer (NK) cells bridge the interface between innate and adaptive immunity and are implicated in the control of herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2) infection. in subjects infected with human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1), the critical impact of the innate immune response on disease progression has recently come into focus. Higher numbers of NK cells are associated with lower HIV-1 plasma viraemia. Individuals with the compound genotype of killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) 3DS1 and human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-Bw4-80I, or who have alleles of KIR3DL1 that encode proteins highly expressed on the NK cell surface, have a significant delay in disease progression. We studied the effect of HSV-2 co-infection in HIV-1-infected subjects, and show that HSV-2 co-infection results in a pan-lymphocytosis, with elevated absolute numbers of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, and NK cells. the NK cells in HSV-2 co-infected subjects functioned more efficiently, with an increase in degranulation after in vitro stimulation. the number of NK cells expressing the activating receptors NKp30 and NKp46, and expressing KIR3DL1 or KIR3DS1, was inversely correlated with HIV-1 plasma viral load in subjects mono-infected with HIV-1, but not in subjects co-infected with HSV-2. This suggests that HSV-2 infection mediates changes within the NK cell population that may affect immunity in HIV-1 infection.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosP16(INK4a) expression as a potential prognostic marker in cervical pre-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions(Elsevier B.V., 2006-01-01) Queiroz, C.; Silva, T. C.; Alves, VAF; Villa, L. L.; Costa, M. C.; Travassos, A. G.; Araujo, J. B.; Studart, E.; Cheto, T.; Freitas, LAR de; Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA); Fiocruz MS; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Ludwig Inst Canc ResAn immunohistochemical analysis with monoclonal antibody p16(INK4), was performed in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded samples of 60 cases. the aim was to investigate in biopsies the expression of p16(INK4a) of normal uterine cervical tissue, pre-cancerous and cancerous lesions, and their relation with human papilloma virus (HPV) and HIV status. Three parameters were evaluated: percentage of p16(INK4a) positive cells, reaction intensity, and cell staining pattern. All of these parameters were statistically different when compared among different histological groups. However, logistic regression model showed that the reaction intensity was the best indicator of the expression of p16(INK4a). This expression increases from normal to invasive squamous carcinoma. Sixty-six percent of the patients with CIN grade 1 (CIN1) expressed p16(INK4a) (all these cases were infected with high risk HPV). Our study supports the hypothesis that p16(INK4a) expression in pre-cancerous lesions and cancers can be used to identify HPV-transformed cells. of great interest for routine diagnostic use is the fact that immunohistochemical testing for p16(INK4a) seems to be capable of identifying HPV-positive cells and potentially recognizing those lesions with an increased risk of progression to high-grade lesions. (c) 2005 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosRenal transplantation in human immunodeficiency virus-infected recipients: a case-control study from the Brazilian experience(Wiley-Blackwell, 2016) Vicari, A. R.; Spuldaro, F.; Freitas, Tainá Veras de Sandes [UNIFESP]; Cristelli, Marina Pontello [UNIFESP]; Requiao-Moura, L. R.; Reusing, J. O.; Pierrotti, L. C.; Oliveira, M. L.; Girao, C. M.; Gadonski, G.; Kroth, L. V.; Deboni, L. M.; Ferreira, G. F.; Tedesco-Silva, Helio [UNIFESP]; Esmeraldo, R.; David-Neto, E.; Saitovitch, D.; Keitel, E.; Garcia, V. D.; Pacheco-Silva, A.; Pestana, Jose Osmar Medina [UNIFESP]; Manfro, R. C.BackgroundHighly active antiretroviral therapy has turned human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients with end-stage renal disease into suitable candidates for renal transplantation. We present the Brazilian experience with kidney transplantation in HIV-infected recipients observed in a multicenter study. MethodsHIV-infected kidney transplant recipients and matched controls were evaluated for the incidence of delayed graft function (DGF), acute rejection (AR), infections, graft function, and survival of patients and renal grafts. ResultsFifty-three HIV-infected recipients and 106 controls were enrolled. Baseline characteristics were similar, but a higher frequency of pre-transplant positivity for hepatitis C virus and cytomegalovirus infections was found in the HIV group. Immunosuppressive regimens did not differ, but a trend was observed toward lower use of anti-thymocyte globulin in the group of HIV-infected recipients (P = 0.079). The HIV-positive recipient group presented a higher incidence of treated AR (P = 0.036) and DGF (P = 0.044). Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration estimated that glomerular filtration rate was similar at 6 months (P = 0.374) and at 12 months (P = 0.957). The median number of infections per patient was higher in the HIV-infected group (P = 0.018). The 1-year patient survival (P < 0.001) and graft survival (P = 0.004) were lower, but acceptable, in the group of HIV-infected patients. ConclusionsIn the Brazilian experience, despite somewhat inferior outcomes, kidney transplantation is an adequate therapy for selected HIV-infected recipients.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosReversible cardiomyopathy subsequent to perinatal infection with the human immunodeficiency virus(Greenwich Medical Media Ltd, 2003-08-01) Diógenes, Maria Suely Bezerra [UNIFESP]; Carvalho, Antonio Carlos de [UNIFESP]; Succi, Regina Célia de Menezes [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)We describe a patient with advanced perinatal acquired immunodeficiency syndrome who had early clinical manifestation of severe dilated cardiomyopathy with congestive heart failure. The picture was completely reversed after six years treatment and follow-up, and the child is now doing well at the age of seven, with normal left ventricular dimension and contractility as shown by echodopplercardiography. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of full recovery from cardiomyopathy in children with perinatally acquired infection by the human immunodeficiency virus.