Navegando por Palavras-chave "elevated plus maze"

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    Antidepressant-like effects of an apolar extract and chow enriched with Nepeta cataria (catnip) in mice
    (Pontificia Universidade Católica do Rio de JaneiroUniversidade de BrasíliaUniversidade de São Paulo, 2010-12-01) Bernardi, Maria Martha; Kirsten, Thiago Berti; Salzgeber, Simone Angélica; Ricci, Esther Lopes; Romoff, Paulete; Lago, Joao Henrique Ghilardi [UNIFESP]; Lourenço, Lygia Mendes; Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Nepeta cataria (catnip) is a plant used in pet toys and to treat human diseases. Catnip has also been used in the treatment of some depressive disorders. In this paper, we studied the antidepressant, anxiogenic, and motor activity effects of acute and repeated feeding of chow enriched with 10% N. cataria leaves and the acute and repeated administration of apolar and polar extracts of N. cataria leaves in male mice. The results showed that repeated feeding and acute and repeated administration with the apolar extract reduced immobility in the behavioral despair test but did not alter elevated plus maze and open-field parameters. Acute feeding and the acute and repeated administration of the polar extracts of N. cataria leaves did not alter the behavior of mice. These data suggest that N. cataria has antidepressant properties. Moreover, this antidepressant activity was present in the apolar extract.
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    Hormonal and behavioural responses of paradoxical sleep-deprived rats to the elevated plus maze
    (Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2002-07-01) Suchecki, D.; Tiba, P. A.; Tufik, S.; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is observed immediately after 96 in of paradoxical sleep (PS) deprivation. However, when individually or group PS-deprived rats are challenged with a mild stressor, they exhibit a facilitation of the corticosterone response, and a faster return to basal levels than control rats. Because the housing condition influences coping behaviour, we tested whether the type of PS deprivation (individually or in group) influenced anxiety-like behaviour in the elevated plus-maze and the accompanying adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) and corticosterone responses. Individually (I-DEP) or group deprived (G-DEP) rats and their appropriate control groups were either killed immediately after 96 h of sleep deprivation (time-point 0 or 'basal') or exposed to a 5-min test on the elevated plus maze and sampled 5, 20 or 60 min after test onset. Control of I-DEP rats showed reduced locomotor activity and augmented anxiety-like behaviour, replicating the effects of social isolation. Although I-DEP rats exhibited higher motor activity than cage control rats, these groups did not differ in regard to the percentage of entry and time spent in the open arms. G-DEP rats, in turn, ambulated more, entered and remained longer in the open arms, exhibiting less anxiety-like behaviour. PS-deprived rats exhibited higher ACTH and corticosterone 'basal' secretion than control rats. for all groups, peak ACTH secretion was reached at the 5-min time-point, returning to unstressed basal levels 60 min after the test, except for G-DEP rats, which showed a return at 20 min. Peak levels of corticosterone occurred at 5 min for PS-deprived groups and at 20 min for control groups. G-DEP rats showed a return to 'basal' unstressed levels at 20 min, whereas the I-DEP and control groups did so at 60 min. A negative correlation between exploration in the open arms and hormone concentrations was observed. These data indicate that housing condition influences the subsequent behaviour of PS-deprived rats in the EPM which, in turn, seems to determine the secretion profile of ACTH and corticosterone in response to the test.
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    Implications of ketogenic diet on weight gain, motor activity and cicatrization in Wistar rats
    (Informa Healthcare, 2013-02-01) Peres, Rogerio Correa; Nogueira, Danilo Barion; Guimaraes, Gabriela de Paula; Costa, Elizabete Lourenco da; Ribeiro, Daniel Araki [UNIFESP]; Univ Catolica Santos; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    The ketogenic diet (KD) was initially developed for the treatment of pharmacoresistant epilepsy and a possible alternative for the obesity treatment, dyslipidemia, resistance to insulin, and nonalcoholic steatosis. However, few studies evaluate the diet effects in rats behavior or cicatrization. the objective of this work was to analyze the influence of the ketogenic diet on the weight gain, emotional behavior of the rats submitted to experimental models such as elevated plus maze (EPM) and open field (OF). the cicatrization time and leukocyte differentiations were also observed. Twenty male Wistar rats of two months age were divided into two groups. One was submitted to ketogenic diet (KD), and the control group (Co) was fed on commercial rations. After 7 days, the animals were weighed and submitted to EPM and OF. A small surgical incision was made and their blood was collected to a leukocyte count. It was verified that the rats from the KD presented less weight gain as compared with the rats from the Co (p < 0.05). the KD did not reveal differences on the behavior measures in the EPM model, but in the of presented an ambulatory activity significantly bigger. the animals from the KD presented a cicatrization significantly better than Co after 72 h (p = 0.0035) and 96 h (p < 0.1). There was no difference between the groups for leukocyte count. Our results suggest that the KD can interfere on rats deambulation in animal models and improve the cicatrization response.
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    Naltrexone potentiates the anxiolytic effects of chlordiazepoxide in rats exposed to novel environments
    (Springer, 1999-11-01) Frussa-Filho, R.; Barbosa-Junior, H.; Silva, R. H.; Da Cunha, C.; Mello, C. F.; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Univ Fed Parana; Universidade Federal de Sergipe (UFS)
    Rationale: Both novelty and naloxone have been reported to modify the anxiolytic-like effect of benzodiazepines in the elevated plus maze. in addition, it has been largely demonstrated that novelty alters endogenous opioid activity. Objectives: the present study was designed to examine a possible interaction between novelty and naltrexone effects on the behavior of chlordiazepoxide-treated rats in two animal models of anxiety. Methods: Thirty minutes after acute intraperitoneal treatment with saline or naltrexone and saline or chlordiazepoxide, male Wistar rats were exposed for the first time to the elevated plus maze apparatus or the social interaction arena for the quantification of the percentage of time spent in the open arms or the time of active social interaction, respectively. the effects of naltrexone and/or chlordiazepoxide on the plus maze and the social interaction tests were also evaluated after previous exposure to the respective apparatus. Results: Naltrexone dose dependently increased the percentage of time spent in the open arms of the elevated plus maze in chlordiazepoxide-treated (5 mg/kg i.p.) rats exposed for the first time to the apparatus. Similarly, naltrexone (5 mg/kg i.p.) increased the time spent in active social interaction by chlordiazepoxide-treated rats exposed to an unfamiliar arena. in both experiments, naltrexone had no effect when administered alone. When both the plus maze and the social interaction tests were conducted after previous exposure to the respective apparatus, naltrexone did not modify the behavior of chlordiazepoxide- or saline-treated rats. Conclusions: These data suggest that the anxiolytic-like effects of chlordiazepoxide can be modified by opioid mechanisms in navel environments.