Navegando por Palavras-chave "cross-sectional study"

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    Depression morbidity in later life: Prevalence and correlates in a developing country
    (Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2007-09-01) Blay, Sergio Luis; Andreoli, Sergio Baxter; Fillenbaum, Gerda G.; Gastal, Fabio Leite; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Duke Univ; VA Med Ctr
    Objective: To investigate the one-month prevalence of depression morbidity and its association with sociodemographic characteristics, health and functional status, and use of health services in community residents aged 60 years and over in Brazil. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design of face-to-face interviews ( N = 7,040) in Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. Participants were household residents aged 60 years and older. Measurements included the Short Psychiatric Evaluation Schedule ( six-item version) and questionnaire that assessed sociodemographic characteristics, self-reported health status, systemic illnesses, activities of daily living ( ADL), use of medical services, and social support. Results: the overall prevalence of depression morbidity was 22% ( men: 18%, women: 25.2%). in controlled analyses, younger age, low income, rural origin, never or no longer married, poor self-rated health, presence of systemic illnesses, visual, hearing, or ADL impairments, hospitalization in the past 12 months, and lack of exercise or employment were significantly associated with depression morbidity, whereas living alone was nearly so associated. Gender, education, minority race, or outpatient visits in the previous six months were not associated with depression morbidity. Conclusion: the overall prevalence of depression morbidity was among the highest previously reported for older persons. in controlled analyses, prevalence declined as age increased, and rates were higher for those with lower income and poorer social, health, and functional status, but did not differ significantly by gender, education, or race/ethnicity. Increased attention should be paid to identifying depression morbidity in those with adverse circumstances and to identifying ameliorating interventions.
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    Prevalence and Correlates of Functional Status in an Older Community-Representative Sample in Brazil
    (Sage Publications Inc, 2010-04-01) Fillenbaum, Gerda G.; Blay, Sergio L. [UNIFESP]; Andreoli, Sergio B. [UNIFESP]; Gastal, Fabio L.; Duke Univ; Vet Adm Med Ctr; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG)
    Objective: Information on dependency level of elderly in rapidly aging developing countries is limited, but this is needed to ascertain the extent of need for help with activities of daily living (ADLs). Method: In-person information was obtained in 1995 from a statewide survey of representative community residents >= 60 years of age in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil (N = 7,040), on demographic characteristics, health conditions, social ties, health behaviors, and ADL performance. Results: Nearly 40% needed help with one or more ADLs. in controlled analyses, need for help approximately doubled with each succeeding decade. Increased education and income and regular physical activity reduced risk. Selected health conditions (stroke, depression, poor self-rated health) were consistently associated with need for help. Discussion: A large proportion of noninstitutionalized elderly have ADL problems. in addition to health care, interventions promoting equity of access to education and economic opportunity could reduce ADL dependency in coming generations.
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    The prevalence and factors associated with ever perpetrating intimate partner violence by men receiving substance use treatment in Brazil and England: A cross-cultural comparison
    (Wiley-Blackwell, 2017) Gilchrist, Gail; Radcliffe, Polly; Noto, Ana Regina [UNIFESP]; Pires Lucas d'Oliveira, Ana Flavia
    Introduction and AimsIntimate partner violence (IPV) perpetration is common among men who use substances. Substance use is a contributing factor for IPV perpetration. This cross-sectional study determined lifetime prevalence and factors associated with ever perpetrating IPV by men receiving substance use treatment in Brazil (n=281) and England (n=223). Design and MethodsIPV, adverse childhood experiences, attitudes towards gender relations and roles, current health state, substance use, depressive symptoms and anger expression were assessed. Logistic regression determined factors associated with ever perpetrating any (emotional, physical and/or sexual) IPV. Multinomial logistic regression determined factors associated with ever perpetrating different types of IPV. Results74.6% (373/500) reported ever perpetrating IPV: 16.5% (82/498) emotional IPV only, 46.4% (231/498) physical IPV (with/without emotional IPV) and 11.6% (58/498) sexual IPV (with/without emotional and/or physical IPV). Higher anger expression, higher depressive symptoms, fighting physically with another man in the past year (Brazil only), experiencing a greater number of adverse childhood experiences and a higher hazardous drinking score (England only) predicted ever perpetrating IPV. Compared to never perpetrating any IPV, anger expression was associated with emotional and physical IPV perpetration