Navegando por Palavras-chave "child nutrition"
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- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Nutrition education in public elementary schools of São Paulo, Brazil: the Reducing Risks of Illness and Death in Adulthood project(Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas, 2006-06-01) Gaglianone, Cristina Pereira [UNIFESP]; Taddei, Jose Augusto de Aguiar Carrazedo [UNIFESP]; Colugnati, Fernando Antonio Basile [UNIFESP]; Magalhães, Clarissa Góes [UNIFESP]; Davanço, Giovana Mochi [UNIFESP]; Macedo, Lino de; Lopez, Fábio Ancona [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade de São Paulo (USP)OBJECTIVE: The objective of this article was to analyze the development, implementation and impact of a nutrition education program on the knowledge and attitudes associated with healthy eating habits. METHODS: Controlled randomized trial comprising teachers and children of eight public schools; three of them were submitted to educational activities and the remaining ones were kept as controls. Effects of nutrition education were measured in terms of knowledge and attitudes. RESULTS: The results revealed an improvement in the food choice among students and a reduction in the intake of foods with high energy density. An improvement in the knowledge and attitudes of the teachers towards the prevention of obesity was also observed. CONCLUSION: Even with a positive attitude regarding the development of this proposal, there was a lack of support from the studied schools. Future studies and a greater involvement by the Health and Education sectors could overcome such barriers, improving the results of school-based programs to prevent obesity.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Parasitoses intestinais se associam a menores índices de peso e estatura em escolares de baixo estrato socioeconômico(Sociedade de Pediatria de São Paulo, 2011-12-01) Araujo Filho, Humberto B.; Carmo-rodrigues, Miriam S.; Mello, Carolina Santos; Melli, Lígia Cristina F. L; Tahan, Soraia [UNIFESP]; Morais, Mauro Batista de [UNIFESP]; Professor da Unifieo; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association between the prevalence of intestinal parasitosis with socioeconomic and environmental factors, as well as with weight, height and hemoglobin levels in two different socioeconomic groups of children in Osasco (SP), Brazil. METHODS: This cross-sectional study compared 84 children aged from six to ten years old from a slum area without proper sanitation and poor housing with 35 children attending private school with good socioeconomic level and housing conditions in the same city. Children with diarrhea for less than 30 days or severe illness were excluded. A standard questionnaire was applied for assessing social and environmental conditions. The nutritional assessment was done by Z scores for weight for age, height for age and body mass index. Capillary blood hemoglobin determination was done by HemoCue® method and intestinal parasitosis examination was performed by the Hoffman, Ritchie, Kinyoun and anal swab methods. RESULTS: Intestinal parasitosis occurred in 60.7% of children from the slum and in 5.9% of children from private schools (p<0.001; OR 24.7). The average Z scores of weight for age, height for age and body mass index were lower in infected children (-0.78±0.84; +0.50±0.90; -0.76±0.96) compared to non infected children (-0.18±1.18; +0.03±1.10; -0.28±1.16) with statistical differences (p<0.05). There was no difference in average hemoglobin levels between infected and non infected children by intestinal parasitosis in the slum group (12.6±1.1g/dL and 12.8±1.2g/dL); p=0.58. CONCLUSIONS: Intestinal parasitosis were more prevalent among children from the slum and were associated with lower weight and height.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Parental Feeding Practices among Brazilian School-Aged Children: Associations with Parent and Child Characteristics(Frontiers Media Sa, 2017) Mais, Lais Amaral [UNIFESP]; Warkentin, Sarah [UNIFESP]; Dias de Oliveira Latorre, Maria do Rosario; Carnell, Susan; Aguiar de Carrazedo Taddei, Jose Augusto [UNIFESP]Background: Children's eating behavior, food intake, and weight status are highly influenced by parents, who shape their food environment via parental feeding practices. The aim of this study was to investigate associations between sociodemographic, anthropometric, and behavioral/attitudinal characteristics of parents and their 5- to 9-year-old children and a range of positive ("healthy eating guidance," "monitoring") and potentially negative ("restriction for weight control," "restriction for health," "emotion regulation/food as reward," and "pressure") parental feeding practices. Methods: Parents completed a questionnaire assessing parental and child characteristics. Parental feeding practices were measured using a Brazilian adaptation of the Comprehensive Feeding Practices Questionnaire. To test associations between parent and child characteristics and parental feeding practices, we ran bivariate logistic regression models with parent and child characteristics as independent variables and high (above median) scores on individual parental feeding practices as outcome variables. We then conducted multivariate logistic regression models containing all parent and child characteristics, controlling for child age and maternal education. Results: Lower parental perceived responsibility for child feeding, higher child use of screen devices, and higher child ultra-processed food intake were associated with lower scores on "healthy eating guidance" and "monitoring." Higher parental perceived responsibility for child feeding and concern about child overweight were associated with higher scores on "restriction for weight control" and "restriction for health." Parental perceptions of low weight and concern about child underweight, and higher perceived responsibility for child feeding, were associated with higher scores on "pressure." Greater intake of ultra-processed foods and lower maternal age were associated with higher scores on "emotion regulation/food as reward." Conclusion: Parental concerns and perceptions relating to child weight were predictive of potentially negative feeding practices. Higher scores on potentially negative feeding practices, and lower scores on positive parent feeding practices, were associated with poorer child diet and higher use of screen devices. Parental engagement in the feeding interaction predicted greater adoption of both potentially negative and positive feeding practices. These results support the need for policies and programs to educate parents about child feeding and help motivated parents to promote healthy lifestyles in their children.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Qualidade nutricional e gastos com a alimentação de pré-escolares(Sociedade Brasileira de Pediatria, 2009-12-01) Rauber, Fernanda; Vítolo, Márcia Regina [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)OBJECTIVE: To assess correlations between the cost and the nutritional quality of the diets of preschool children from low socioeconomic status families, taking into account intakes of micronutrients and foods with high concentrations of sugars and fats. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study undertaken with 346 children aged 3 to 4 years recruited for the Ten steps in action (BRATSA I) study, who comprise a nested cohort from the randomized field study. Two 24-hour dietary recall surveys were conducted. Expenditure on food was calculated by taking the price of each food, as verified at a number of different establishments, and adjusting it for the quantity eaten. RESULTS: Mean expenditure on food for one child was R$ 100.17±34.1 per month. There was a positive correlation between intakes of iron (r = 0.115; p = 0.033), zinc (r = 0.214; p < 0.001), and vitamins A (r = 0.197; p < 0.001) and C (r = 0.162; p < 0.001), adjusted to 1,000 kcal, and expenditure on food/1,000 kcal. There were no significant relationships between expenditure on food/1,000 kcal and risk of overweight (p = 0.208) or intake of foods with a high fat or sugar content (p = 0.894 and p = 0.964). CONCLUSIONS: The study found that consumption of energy provided by fat and sugar-rich foods was not associated with expenditure on feeding these 3-to-4-year-olds. In contrast, nutritional quality, assessed in the form of essential micronutrient intakes, demonstrated a positive correlation with food costs.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosZinc nutritional status in obese children and adolescents(Humana Press Inc, 2002-05-01) Marreiro, Dilina do Nascimento; Fisberg, Mauro [UNIFESP]; Cozzolino, Silvia Maria Franciscato; Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Sao Marcos UnivStudies in animals and humans have corroborated that zinc (Zn) metabolism is altered in obesity. The present work intends to evaluate the Zn nutritional status in obese children and adolescents by the determination of some biochemical parameters and analyses of the diets. The investigation was carried out in a group of obese children and adolescents (n = 23) and compared to a control group (n = 21), both between 7 and 14 yr of age. A software analyzed diet information from 3-d food records. Body composition was evaluated by body mass index, bioelectrical impedance, and skinfold measurements. Zinc nutritional status was evaluated by Zn determination in plasma, erythrocyte, and 24-h urine, by atomic absorption spectrophotometry (lambda = 213.9 nm). Diets consumed by both groups had marginal concentrations of zinc. Zinc concentrations in plasma and erythrocytes were significantly lower in the obese group. Urinary zinc excretion was significantly higher in the same group. The results allowed one to conclude that zinc nutritional status in obese individuals is altered.