Navegando por Palavras-chave "cegueira"

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    Balance and motor coordination are not fully developed in 7 years old blind children
    (Academia Brasileira de Neurologia - ABNEURO, 2004-09-01) Navarro, Andréa Sanchez; Fukujima, Marcia Maiumi [UNIFESP]; Fontes, Sissy Veloso [UNIFESP]; Matas, Sandro Luiz de Andrade [UNIFESP]; Prado, Gilmar Fernandes do [UNIFESP]; Universidade Bandeirante de São Paulo; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Visually impaired children show difficulties in recognizing their own bodies, objects around then and the spatial parameters that are essential for independent movement. This study analyzes the neuro-psychomotor development of a group of congenitally visually impaired children as compared to children with normal sight. We have evaluated two groups of seven-year-olds by means of neurological evolution examination (NEE). The group studied comprised 20 blind children and the control group comprised 20 children with normal sight, and they were paired up according to age and gender. In some tests, the blind children were guided by touch. The visually impaired children performed worse in tests evaluating balance and appendage coordination compared to normal sighted children (p< 0.001), and this suggests that visual deficiency impairs children's neuro-psychomotor development.
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    Resultados de um programa de prevenção da cegueira pela retinopatia da prematuridade na Região Sul do Brasil
    (Sociedade Brasileira de Pediatria, 2007-06-01) Fortes Filho, João Borges [UNIFESP]; Barros, Cristiano Koch; Costa, Marlene Coelho da; Procianoy, Renato Soibelmann; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre Setor de Retinopatia da Prematuridade; HCPA Centro de Neonatologia; HCPA Serviço de Neonatologia
    OBJECTIVE: To describe the results of a program for the prevention of blindness caused by retinopathy of prematurity implemented in 2002 at a tertiary-care hospital, according to screening criteria adopted in Brazil, and to compare some aspects with the criteria adopted by other countries. METHODS: Descriptive observational study including all preterm infants born at this hospital weighing < 1,500 g at birth and/or gestational age < 32 weeks who survived up to the sixth week after birth, between October 2002 and June 2006. Ophthalmic examinations were performed from the sixth week of life and repeated as necessary until remission of the disease. RESULTS: A total of 300 newborns were included and there were 18 cases of treatable threshold disease (18/300, 6%) according to the Brazilian criteria. One patient was not treated because s/he developed the disease after hospital discharge and did not turn up for examination in order to initiate treatment. According to the criteria suggested by industrialized countries, the total number of exams would be reduced under the same circumstances, but 11.76% of the cases of threshold disease would not be detected. CONCLUSIONS: The Brazilian criteria for neonatal screening were efficient in detecting treatable cases. Blindness was averted in 17 preterm infants in the study period. The universal use of such program at teaching hospitals or in the public and private health networks could help prevent one of the main causes of preventable and treatable blindness among infants in developing countries. Currently, a change in these criteria in Brazil may compromise the diagnosis of some treatable patients.
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    Visual impairment and blindness: an overview of prevalence and causes in Brazil
    (Academia Brasileira de Ciências, 2009-09-01) Salomão, Solange Rios [UNIFESP]; Mitsuhiro, Márcia R. K. H. [UNIFESP]; Belfort, Rubens Junior [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Our purpose is to provide a summary overview of blindness and visual impairment on the context of recent Brazilian ocular epidemiologic studies. Synthesis of data from two cross-sectional population-based studies - the São Paulo Eye Study and the Refractive Error in School Children Study is presented. 3678 older adults and 2441 school children were examined between July 2004 and December 2005. Prevalence of blindness in older adults using presenting visual acuity was 1.51% decreasing to 1. 07% with refractive correction. The most common causes of blindness in older adults were retinal disorders, followed by cataract and glaucoma. In school children, the prevalence of uncorrected visual impairment was 4.82% decreasing to 0.41% with refractive correction. The most common cause of visual impairment in school children was uncorrected refractive error. Visual impairment and blindness in Brazil is an important public health problem. It is a significant problem in older Brazilians, reinforcing the need to implement prevention of blindness programs for elderly people with emphasis on those without schooling. In school-children cost-effective strategies are needed to address a readily treatable cause of vision impairment - prescription and provision of glasses.