Navegando por Palavras-chave "autoimmune disease"

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    Células T regulatórias naturais (T REGS) em doenças reumáticas
    (Sociedade Brasileira de Reumatologia, 2008-12-01) Cruvinel, Wilson de Melo [UNIFESP]; Mesquita Júnior, Danilo [UNIFESP]; Araújo, Júlio Antônio Pereira [UNIFESP]; Carvalho, Karina Inacio [UNIFESP]; Kállas, Esper Georges [UNIFESP]; Andrade, Luiz Eduardo Coelho [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade Católica de Goiás; Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Fleury Medicina Diagnóstica Setor de Imunologia
    The healthy immune system must keep the delicate balance between the capacity to respond to exogenous antigens and to keep the tolerance to endogenous antigens. In the absence of an adequate response to exogenous agents the individual is subjected to the deleterious effect of the invasion for pathogens. On the other hand, if the immune system responds in an unwary exacerbated way harmful inflammatory consequences may result. Well-established mechanisms of maintaining self-tolerance include clonal deletion and anergy. Despite the functional evidence in favor of the existence of suppressor T cells, for many years immunologists failed to identify the phenotypic characteristics and to confirm the existence of these lymphocytes. The recent demonstration of different phenotypes of cells, now designated regulatory T cells, reintroduced the paradigm of active regulation of auto-reactivity by particular subtypes of lymphocytes. This subject is of great interest in the contemporary literature. It has been shown that excess regulatory function may be associated with increased susceptibility to infectious and neoplastic diseases. On the other hand decreased regulatory function may cause autoimmunity. In fact, several experimental models of diverse autoimmune conditions have been developed by decreasing or abolishing regulatory T cells. Counterpart of this phenomenon has been sought for in several human autoimmune diseases. At this moment it seems that the most important subtype of regulatory cells are the natural regulatory T cells (TREGS), which represent about 5% of peripheral blood CD4 T lymphocytes. These cells are characterized by the constitutive expression of FOXP3, GITR, CTLA-4 and high levels of CD25. The present article reviews the basic knowledge on the TREGS and the several studies describing the status and function of these cells in autoimmune rheumatic diseased.
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    Influence of cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) on the course of experimental systemic lupus erythematosus in F1 (NZBxW) mice
    (Wiley-Blackwell, 2000-01-01) Vaisberg, Mauro Walter [UNIFESP]; Kaneno, R.; Franco, M. F.; Mendes, N. F.; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Univ Marilia
    The course of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), an autoimmune disease, is markedly affected by hormones such as estrogen and prolactin. It is well known that heavy exposure to sunlight has deleterious effects on SLE, triggering episodes of the disease. Classical explanations for this occurrence suggest that UV radiation damages DNA, which becomes immunogenic, or induces exposure of the Ro antigen in keratinocytes. in recent years, it has been shown that vitamin D3 has important effects on the immune system. Thus, we proposed an alternative hypothesis, suggesting that UV radiation, by promoting vitamin D3 synthesis, could be a factor aggravating the course of SLE after exposure to sunlight. To test this hypothesis, we injected F1(NZBxW) mice, which are prone to developing SLE, with vitamin D3, and we demonstrated a worsening of the histopathological findings in the kidney. (C) 2000 Wiley-liss, Inc.
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    White matter spectroscopy in neuromyelitis optica A case control study
    (Dr Dietrich Steinkopff Verlag, 2008-12-01) Bichuetti, Denis Bernardi [UNIFESP]; Magalhaes Rivero, Rene Leandro [UNIFESP]; Lobato de Oliveira, Enedina Maria [UNIFESP]; Oliveira, Daniel May [UNIFESP]; Souza, Nilton Amorin de [UNIFESP]; Nogueira, Roberto Gomes [UNIFESP]; Abdala, Nitamar [UNIFESP]; Gabbai, Alberto Alain [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Background Naa/Cr ratio in normal appearing white matter (NAWM) of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) is altered beyond plaques, suggesting early axonal loss, and correlates to clinical disability. Brain lesions not typical of MS have been described in Neuromyelitis optica (NMO), and correspond to brain aquaporin-4 channel sites, but the evaluation of Naa/Cr ratio in NAWM of patients with NMO and its association to the presence of brain lesions and clinical disability have not been described. Objectives To evaluate the Naa/Cr of normal appearing white matter (NAWM) in 16 patients with NMO compared to healthy controls. Methods We performed brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) of 16 patients with NMO and compared to age matched healthy controls. Results NAWM Naa/Cr did not show statistical difference among patients and controls, neither between patients that had normal brain MRI and atypical brain lesions. Conclusion NAWM was found to have a normal Naa/Cr in patients with NMO, reinforcing the concept that the white matter is not primarily affected in this disease.