Navegando por Palavras-chave "artificial"

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    Efeito do uso de lente escleral cosmética na sensibilidade tátil corneal em phthisis bulbi
    (Conselho Brasileiro de Oftalmologia, 2004-10-01) Lucci, Lucia Miriam Dumont [UNIFESP]; Itami, Cristina Nagako [UNIFESP]; Alves, Rosana Francisco [UNIFESP]; Montesano, Fabio Tadeu [UNIFESP]; Osaki, Midori Hentona [UNIFESP]; Sant'anna, Ana Estela B. P.p. [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    PURPOSE: To compare corneal sensitivity between normal eyes and those whith phthisis bulbi and also to analyze the alterations of corneal sensitivity in phthisis bulbi induced by wearing ocular prosthesis. METHODS: Prospective study of 23 patients with unilateral phthisis bulbi. Bilateral cornea sensitivity was evaluated using the Cochet-Bonnet esthesiometer before and after 3 months of wearing ocular prosthesis. RESULTS: In all patients, corneal sensitivity of the eye with phthisis bulbi was lower than that of the normal eye (control). In 96% there was decrease of corneal sensitivity after adaptation of ocular prosthesis. CONCLUSION: After wearing ocular prosthesis, there is a reduction in corneal sensitivity in phthisis bulbi. The pathophysiology seems to be the same as that found in contact lens wearers.
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    The impact of daily evaluation and spontaneous breathing test on the duration of pediatric mechanical ventilation: A randomized controlled trial
    (Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2011-11-01) Foronda, Flávia Andrea Krepel; Troster, Eduardo Juan; Farias, Julio A.; Barbas, Carmen Sílvia Valente; Ferraro, Alexandre Archanjo [UNIFESP]; Faria, Lucília Sandra Pinto de; Bousso, Albert; Panico, Flávia Feijó; Delgado, Artur Figueiredo; Hosp Sirio Libanes; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Hosp Albert Einstein; Univ Buenos Aires
    Objectives: To assess whether the combination of daily evaluation and use of a spontaneous breathing test could shorten the duration of mechanical ventilation as compared with weaning based on our standard of care. Secondary outcome measures included extubation failure rate and the need for noninvasive ventilation.Design: A prospective, randomized controlled trial.Setting: Two pediatric intensive care units at university hospitals in Brazil.Patients: the trial involved children between 28 days and 15 yrs of age who were receiving mechanical ventilation for at least 24 hrs.Interventions: Patients were randomly assigned to one of two weaning protocols. in the test group, the children underwent a daily evaluation to check readiness for weaning with a spontaneous breathing test with 10 cm H(2)O pressure support and a positive end-expiratory pressure of 5 cm H(2)O for 2 hrs. the spontaneous breathing test was repeated the next day for children who failed it. in the control group, weaning was performed according to standard care procedures.Measurements and Main Results: A total of 294 eligible children were randomized, with 155 to the test group and 139 to the control group. the time to extubation was shorter in the test group, where the median mechanical ventilation duration was 3.5 days (95% confidence interval, 3.0 to 4.0) as compared to 4.7 days (95% confidence interval, 4.1 to 5.3) in the control group (p = .0127). This significant reduction in the mechanical ventilation duration for the intervention group was not associated with increased rates of extubation failure or noninvasive ventilation. It represents a 30% reduction in the risk of remaining on mechanical ventilation (hazard ratio: 0.70).Conclusions: A daily evaluation to check readiness for weaning combined with a spontaneous breathing test reduced the mechanical ventilation duration for children on mechanical ventilation for > 24 hrs, without increasing the extubation failure rate or the need for noninvasive ventilation. (Crit Care Med 2011; 39: 2526-2533)