Navegando por Palavras-chave "arousal threshold"

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    Acoustic arousal responses in children with obstructive sleep apnea
    (Wiley-Blackwell, 2005-10-01) Moreira, G. A.; Tufik, Sergio [UNIFESP]; Nery, L. E.; Lutz, J.; Verfaille, K.; Luan, X. Q.; Marcus, C. L.; Univ Penn; Johns Hopkins Univ; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Our objectives were to study the arousal responses to nonrespiratory (acoustic) stimuli in children with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). the acoustic arousal response was studied in children with OSAS due to adenotonsillar hypertrophy compared to normal, age-matched children. Acoustic stimuli were delivered incrementally from 30-100 dB during stage 2, slow wave sleep, and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. the percentage of children who aroused in response to acoustic stimuli, and the arousal threshold (i.e., sound level at which arousal occurred), were compared between groups and sleep stages. the percentage of children who aroused was similar between children with OSAS and controls. the percentage of children who aroused was lower during slowwave sleep than REM sleep and stage 2 in both OSAS and controls. There were no statistically significant differences in acoustic arousal threshold between OSAS and control children. There was no difference in arousal response to moderate acoustic stimulation between children with OSAS and controls. These results contrast with previous data showing blunted arousal responses to hypercapnia and upper airway loading during sleep in children with OSAS, suggesting that children with OSAS have an arousal deficit specific to respiratory stimuli. However, further studies evaluating arousal to both respiratory and nonrespiratory stimuli in the same subjects are needed.
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    The Effect of Donepezil on Arousal Threshold and Apnea-Hypopnea Index A Randomized, Double-Blind, Cross-Over Study
    (Amer Thoracic Soc, 2016) Li, Yanru; Owens, Robert L.; Sands, Scott; Orr, Jeremy; Moraes, Walter [UNIFESP]; DeYoung, Pamela; Smales, Erik; Jen, Rachel; Malhotra, Atul
    Rationale: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has multiple pathophysiological causes. A low respiratory arousal threshold (ArTh) and a high loop gain (unstable ventilatory control) can contribute to recurrent respiratory events in patients with OSA. Prior studies have shown that donepezil, an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, might improve OSA, but the mechanism is unknown. Objectives: To determine whether a single dose of donepezil lowers the apnea-hypopnea index by modulating the ArTh or loop gain. Methods: In this randomized, double-blind, crossover trial, 41 subjects with OSA underwent two polysomnograms with ArTh and loop gain evaluated, during which 10 mg of donepezil or placebo was administered. Measurements and Main Results: Compared with placebo, sleep efficiency (77.2 vs. 71.9%