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    As percepções do tempo em germinal de Émile Zola
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2014-10-31) Borges, Rilton Ferreira [UNIFESP]; Ferla, Luis Antonio Coelho [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    This paper aims to examine ways of perception of time entered in the work Germinal (1885) of Emile Zola (1840-1902), which from a naturalistic aesthetic search recreate, in detail, the living conditions of workers in a French coal mine in the context of the Second Industrial Revolution. The time, the main object of reflection of this research can be seen in the work (even if not directly addressed by the author) as a transition between the time of the "pre industrial" society and the control and discipline of the time exercised with the "industrialization" (view expressed by Edward Palmer Thompson on "Customs in Common"), since it is not dictated by the rhythm of the machine or the factory whistle, but is controlled by the need of production that requires workers to find in his work rate, the most efficient ways to increase their productivity. In this regard, the time factor is shown as coercive social regulation and supported vision, for example, in the work of Norbert Elias. Therefore, we deal with both philosophical and historiographical reflections on time, as with historiographical perspectives on the work and of European workers in the second half of the nineteenth century, Germinal work scenario. On another front, we will have to deal with the theoretical and methodological implications of the use of literary sources for history, seeking references both in history and in literary criticism attesting Literature as a representation of reality. Moreover, they will discuss the methodology applicable to work with literature as a historical source.