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- ItemEmbargoAvaliação de apraxia de fala adquirida: estudo piloto com o protocolo CBO(Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 2024-09-27) Costa, Beatriz Maurer [UNIFESP]; Ortiz, Karin Zazo [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1699635017822724; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0882543924256826Introdução: Este estudo busca analisar se o protocolo de avaliação de apraxia de fala adquirida CBO (Costa et al, 2024) é capaz de identificar a apraxia de fala, e verificar se as variáveis que interferem na produção motora da fala tais como frequência, extensão da palavra e estrutura das sílabas contempladas neste protocolo podem auxiliar na identificação mais precisa dos quadros de apraxia de fala, diferenciando erros de natureza motora (fonéticos) dos erros de natureza linguística (fonológicos) em falantes do português brasileiro. Método: Trata-se de um estudo transversal e prospectivo que contou com a participação de 7 pacientes com afasia crônica e suspeita de apraxia de fala (GPWA) pós AVC e 25 indivíduos neurotípicos que formaram o grupo controle (GC). Todos os participantes foram expostos as tarefas do protocolo CBO, tais como: conversa espontânea, descrição de um cartão temático, repetição de palavras e diadococinesias (DKK). Resultado: O protocolo CBO permitiu diferenciar os dois grupos nas tarefas de fala espontânea (porcentagem de erros por palavra); na lista de repetição de palavras (tempo, pontuação, quantidade e tipo de manifestações); e nas DKK /ka/ e /pataka/ e evidenciou que o GPWA apresenta uma fala menos fluente, lentificada e com mais erros do que o GC. Além disso, o protocolo facilitou o mapeamento da natureza dos erros, fator que pode garantir a acurácia do diagnóstico, aspecto fundamental para o tratamento adequado. Conclusão: A aplicação do protocolo permitiu a identificação do quadro de apraxia de fala adquirida e a variáveis que interferem na produção motora da fala que estão controladas no protocolo CBO auxiliaram na identificação dos erros fonético-motores no GPWA.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Duração do onset vocálico da fala fluente de gagos(Sociedade Brasileira de Fonoaudiologia, 2010-01-01) Arcuri, Cláudia Fassin [UNIFESP]; Osborn, Ellen [UNIFESP]; Schiefer, Ana Maria [UNIFESP]; Chiari, Brasilia Maria [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)PURPOSE: To compare utterance duration of fluent speech of adults with different degrees of stuttering on a phrase repetition task. METHODS: Six adult stutterers, with severity degrees varying from mild to severe, were matched to individuals with no communication problems. The corpus was constituted by the words horse, popcorn and carpet introduced into the vehicle-phrase I say......quietly. Each phrase was uttered by the researcher and repeated aloud three times by the participants. The speech sample was recorded on a computer, and phrases containing disfluencies were rejected. After that, measurements of the acoustic duration of each sample were carried out using the software Praat 4.3. The phrases were divided into segments delimited by two consecutive voice onsets. Data were tabulated and statistically analyzed using t-test and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). RESULTS: Stutterers took longer to produce all the units analyzed, except for the unit [ib]. The comparison among different stuttering severities showed that mild and moderate stutterers had similar duration measures, which was significantly different from severe stutterers. CONCLUSION: The analysis of acoustic duration parameters of units delimited by consecutive voice onsets demonstrated that stutterers differed from non-stutterers; moreover, these measures were able to differentiate among stuttering severity degrees.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Elaboração de protocolo de avaliação de apraxia de fala(Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 2022-07) Costa, Beatriz Maurer [UNIFESP]; Ortiz, Karin Zazo [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1699635017822724; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0882543924256826Objetivo: Elaborar um protocolo de avaliação do planejamento motor da fala com estímulos fonologicamente balanceados para o português brasileiro e que contemple todas as variáveis necessárias para este diagnóstico. Método: Foram realizadas três etapas: Na primeira, construíram-se listas de palavras cujo critério principal foram os padrões silábicos e acentuais. Do levantamento realizado na Etapa 1, procedeu-se à seleção dos vocábulos que compuseram a primeira versão do protocolo na Etapa 2, reunidas em duas tarefas: de repetição e de Leitura em Voz Alta (LVA). Em seguida, investigou-se a ocorrência das palavras usando a base de dados do Corpus Brasileiro (PUC-SP) - Linguateca. Na etapa 3 realizou-se a análise estatística para verificar se as listas de repetição e de LVA estavam equilibradas quanto à ocorrência das palavras. Assim, as listas foram distribuídas em quartis e foram analisadas de forma descritiva e bivariada. O nível de significância utilizado foi de 5%. Resultados: Após a realização de todas as etapas, foi possível obter as palavras que compuseram as listas das tarefas de repetição e de LVA. Finalmente, foram então acrescidas ao protocolo as demais tarefas consideradas essenciais para a avaliação da apraxia como as taxas diadococinéticas e a prancha para a emissão oral espontânea. Conclusão: O protocolo desenvolvido contém as tarefas consideradas padrão para a avaliação da apraxia de fala pela literatura internacional, o que torna esse instrumento importante para o diagnóstico desse distúrbio em falantes do português brasileiro.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Gravidade do transtorno fonológico, consciência fonológica e praxia articulatória em pré-escolares(Sociedade Brasileira de Fonoaudiologia, 2011-06-01) Souza, Thaís Nobre Uchôa [UNIFESP]; Ávila, Clara Regina Brandão de [UNIFESP]; Universidade de Ciências da Saúde de Alagoas Faculdade de Fonoaudiologia de Alagoas; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)PURPOSE: To characterize the phonological disorder regarding severity, phonological awareness and articulatory praxis, and to investigate the existence of correlations among these variables in a group of preschoolers. METHODS: Participants were 56 preschoolers of both genders with ages between 4 years and 6 years and 11 months, split into Research Group (RG) and Comparison Group (CG), according to the presence or absence of speech alterations. The following tests were carried out: Child Language Assessment - ABFW: Phonology; Phonological Awareness: Instrument of Sequential Assessment - CONFIAS; and Articulatory and Buccofacial Praxis Assessment Protocol. The Percentage of Correct Consonants - PCC was calculated to classify the severity of the phonological disorder. Data were statistically analyzed. RESULTS: The preschoolers with phonological disorder performed worse in phonological awareness and articulatory praxis tasks when compared to CG subjects. The severity was correlated with phonological awareness and articulatory praxis, and the latest was correlated with phonological awareness in these preschoolers. Both groups showed correlation between total phonological awareness, phonological awareness at syllable level and phonological awareness at phoneme level. CONCLUSION: The RG was characterized by worse performance in phonological awareness and articulatory praxis, and by the presence of correlation between severity of the disorder, phonological awareness and articulatory praxis.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Manifestações da apraxia de fala na doença de Alzheimer(Sociedade Brasileira de Fonoaudiologia, 2011-09-01) Cera, Maysa Luchesi [UNIFESP]; Ortiz, Karin Zazo [UNIFESP]; Bertolucci, Paulo Henrique Ferreira [UNIFESP]; Minett, Thaís Soares Cianciarullo [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)PURPOSE: To identify praxic speech manifestations in patients diagnosed with different stages of Alzheimer's disease, and to verify similarities among their occurrences. METHODS: Participants were 90 patients with Alzheimer's, 30 in each stage of the disease (mild, moderate and severe), who were assessed using the following instruments: Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR), Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living, and the Assessment Protocol of Verbal and Orofacial Apraxia. Sixty six female subjects and 24 male subjects were assessed; mean age was 80.2±7.2 years, and mean level of education was 4.2±3.5 years. RESULTS: In the mild stage, the proportions of trial-and-error, repetition and addition were similar, as well as omission, substitution and self-correction. In the moderate stage, the following items were similar: trial-and-error and repetition, substitution, omission and addition, and self-correction. In the severe stage, all manifestations were similar, except addition. The error type addition differentiated the patients regarding the stages of the disease. CONCLUSION: Patients in the three stages of Alzheimer's disease showed distinct patterns of verbal praxic manifestations.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Porcentagem de Consoantes Corretas (PCC) em crianças com e sem deficiência auditiva(Sociedade Brasileira de Fonoaudiologia, 2011-01-01) Zanichelli, Larissa [UNIFESP]; Gil, Daniela [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)PURPOSE: To compare the Percentage of Consonants Correct (PCC) index of children with and without hearing loss, and to verify whether the time using hearing aids, the time in therapy, and the time spent until hearing loss was diagnosed influence the performance of deaf children. METHODS: Participants were 30 children, 15 with hearing impairment and 15 with normal hearing, paired by gender and age. The PCC index was calculated in three different tasks: picture naming, imitation and spontaneous speech. The phonology tasks of the ABFW - Teste de Linguagem Infantil were used in the evaluation. RESULTS: Differences were found between groups in all tasks, and normally hearing children had better results. PCC indexes presented by children with hearing loss characterized a moderately severe phonological disorder. Children enrolled in therapy for a longer period had better PCC indexes, and the longer they had been using hearing aids, the better their performances on the imitation task. CONCLUSION: Children with hearing loss have lower PCC indexes when compared to normally hearing children. The average performance and imitation are influenced by time in therapy and time using hearing aids.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Respiração oral e alteração de fala em crianças(Sociedade Brasileira de Pediatria, 2013-08-01) Hitos, Silvia Fernandes [UNIFESP]; Arakaki, Renata [UNIFESP]; Solé, Dirceu [UNIFESP]; Weckx, Luc Louis Maurice [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)OBJECTIVE: To assess speech alterations in mouth-breathing children, and to correlate Mouth breathing; them with the respiratory type, etiology, gender, and age. METHOD: A total of 439 mouth-breathers were evaluated, aged between 4 and 12 years. The presence of speech alterations in children older than 5 years was considered delayed speech development. The observed alterations were tongue interposition (TI), frontal lisp (FL), articulatory disorders (AD), sound omissions (SO), and lateral lisp (LL). The etiology of mouth breathing, gender, age, respiratory type, and speech disorders were correlated. RESULTS: Speech alterations were diagnosed in 31.2% of patients, unrelated to the respiratory type: oral or mixed. Increased frequency of articulatory disorders and more than one speech disorder were observed in males. TI was observed in 53.3% patients, followed by AD in 26.3%, and by FL in 21.9%. The co-occurrence of two or more speech alterations was observed in 24.8% of the children. CONCLUSION: Mouth breathing can affect speech development, socialization, and school performance. Early detection of mouth breathing is essential to prevent and minimize its negative effects on the overall development of individuals.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Sensibilidade fonológica para rima e aliteração em pré-escolares com transtorno fonológico(Sociedade Brasileira de Fonoaudiologia, 2011-01-01) Costa, Ranilde Cristiane Cavalcante [UNIFESP]; Souza, Thaís Nobre Uchôa [UNIFESP]; Ávila, Clara Regina Brandão de [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade de Ciências da Saúde de Alagoas Faculdade de Fonoaudiologia de AlagoasPURPOSE: To characterize the performance of a group of preschool children with phonological disorder in metaphonological tasks of identification and production of rhyme and alliteration. METHODS: Participants were 56 preschool children of both genders, with ages between 4 years and 0 months and 6 years and 11 months, distributed into: Research Group, comprising 28 preschoolers with phonological disorder, and Comparison Group, comprising 28 preschool children with normal speech and no complaints related to oral communication. The following testes were applied: Child Language Test ABFW - Phonology, tasks of identification and product ion of rhymes and alliteration of the Phonological Awareness Test: Instrument of Sequential Assessment - CONFIAS. Data were statistically analyzed. RESULTS: Preschoolers with phonological disorder had worse overall phonological sensitivity performance. In both groups, children had better scores with the segment of alliteration, and there was no difference in performance between the tasks of identification and production. With rhyme segments, preschoolers showed better performance in the identification task, while with alliteration segments they showed better performance in the production task. Rhyme production was the most difficult task, and alliteration production was the easiest. CONCLUSION: Preschoolers with phonological disorder showed worse performance in phonological sensitivity than children with normal speech. However, both groups showed better performance with the alliteration segment, and showed no differences between identification and production tasks.