Navegando por Palavras-chave "Trans fatty acids"

Agora exibindo 1 - 5 de 5
  • Imagem de Miniatura
    Item
    Acesso aberto (Open Access)
    Efeito da suplementação de ácidos graxos trans ou oligofrutose, durante a gestação e lactação, nas mães e prole com 90 dias de vida sobre o metabolismo e parâmetros inflamatórios
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2016-04-30) Oliveira, Juliana Lopez de [UNIFESP]; Nascimento, Claudia Maria da Penha Oller do [UNIFESP]; Pisani, Luciana Pellegrini [UNIFESP]; Oyama, Lila Missae [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3983527783636073; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7125541171554727; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9974551337615485; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3558119106282470; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Introduction. Adverse effects of the consumption of trans fatty acids (TFA) have been widely studied by the scientific community in the last. Previously, our group found that the intake of trans fatty acids (TFA) during pregnancy and lactation promotes a pro-inflammatory state in the offspring at twenty-one and ninety days old. Moreover, literature data indicates that the prebiotic intake may alter the intestinal environment, presenting antiinflammatory properties. To evaluate the effect of a diet supplemented with OF (10%) or a diet rich in TFA (7%) during gestation and lactation on metabolic parameters and inflammatory lactating rats and ninety days old offspring, concerning endotoxemia, metabolic and inflammatory parameters. In addition, to assess whether the diet supplemented with OF (10%) modifies these parameters in the offspring, ninety days old offspring, of mothers who received diet containing TFA during pregnancy and lactation. Methods. On the first day of pregnancy, the rats were divided into three groups: control diet (C) control diet supplemented with 10% oligofructose (OF) and diet enriched with hydrogenated fat rich in TFA (T). The diets were maintained during pregnancy and lactation. In the twenty-first day of lactation animals were weaned and mothers euthanized. The pups were kept in individual cages within ninety days of life and than euthanazied. The blood, bowel, retroperitoneal adipose tissue (RET), parametrial fat mothers and epididymal of puppies, liver, soleus muscle tissues and EDL were collected. The serum was used for measuring lipopolysaccharide (LPS), free fatty acids (FFA), TNF- ?, hormones, insulin, ghrelin, adiponectin and NPY as well as cytokines by specific kits. The liver, and soleus and EDL RET muscle tissue were used for determination of cytokine content by specific kits. The liver and soleus muscle tissue were placed in a specific buffer to perform Western blotting. Genomic DNA Bacteria present in the colon feces was determined by real time PCR. Results. Supplementation with 10% of oligofructose during pregnancy and lactation reduced body weight gain, maternal dietary intake and serum adiponectin levels. In ninety days old offspring, maternal supplementation of oligofructose (10%) promoted increased IL-6 content and protein expression of IL-6R, and reduced protein expression of ADIPO-R1 in the soleus muscle. Maternal intake of TFA increased Lee index and the protein expression of pp65- NFkB in offspring with 90 days of life. Supplementation of offspring with
  • Nenhuma Miniatura disponível
    Item
    Somente Metadadados
    Ingestão de gordura trans na gestação e lactação inibe o efeito anorexígeno central da insulina e da serotonina na prole adulta
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2006-01-01) Albuquerque, Kelse Tibau de [UNIFESP]; Ribeiro, Eliane Beraldi [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Os ácidos graxos trans (AGT) estão presentes no sangue e leite maternos em quantidades proporcionais à ingestão materna e são incorporados em diversos tecidos do organismo fetal e do neonato. No presente trabalho avaliamos se a ingestão materna de ácidos graxos trans na gestação e lactação afeta, nos filhotes machos adultos, a composição de ácidos graxos (AG) cerebrais, a sensibilidade à ação anorexígena central da insulina e serotonina e o teor hipotalâmico de proteínas que participam destes sistemas de homeostase energética. Ratas Wistar foram distribuídas em dois grupos, segundo a dieta ofertada durante toda a gestação e lactação: grupo Controle, que recebeu dieta à base de óleo de soja (8%) como fonte de gordura e grupo Trans, que recebeu dieta à base de gordura vegetal hidrogenada (7%) adicionada de 1% de óleo de soja. Do desmame, realizado no 21º dia da lactação, até os 3 meses de vida, a prole de machos controles foi mantida com a dieta controle (grupo Controle, C) enquanto a prole de machos trans foi distribuída em dois grupos: Trans-Controle (TC), o qual passou a receber dieta controle e grupo Trans (T) que permaneceu recebendo dieta trans. Aos 90 dias de vida avaliamos a ingestão alimentar de 24 horas, massa corporal, teor de proteína e gordura em carcaça, concentrações séricas de glicose e insulina e a ingestão alimentar em resposta à infusão intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) de insulina (10 mU) ou serotonina (200 μg). Estabelecemos o perfil de AG dos lipídios totais do cérebro e hipotálamo e dos fosfolipídios do hipotálamo em animais de 21 e 90 dias. Quantificamos por "immunoblotting" o teor hipotalâmico do receptor de insulina (IR) e do substrato 1 do receptor de insulina (IRS-1) e também o teor dos receptores serotonérgicos 1B (5-HT1B) e 2C (5-HT2C) e do transportador de serotonina (5- HTT). Não observamos diferenças significantes na ingestão alimentar, massa corporal, teor de proteína e gordura em carcaça e insulinemia, entretanto verificamos concentração sérica elevada de glicose nos animais do grupo Trans Controle. Não detectamos AGT no cérebro e hipotálamo do grupo Controle, havendo baixa incorporação nos grupos Trans e Trans-Controle. Neste, o teor de AGT dos lipídios totais do hipotálamo foi mais alto que o do grupo Trans. Nos lipídios totais do cérebro dos animais Trans de 21 dias, ressaltamos menor teor dos ácidos graxos AA, DHA e AG poliinsaturado total, enquanto que aos 90 dias apresentaram menor teor do linoléico e EPA. No grupo Trans-Controle houve maior teor de AA e AGP total e menor teor do total de monoinsaturados e saturados, em relação ao grupo Trans. No hipotálamo, o perfil de AG dos lipídios totais mostrou menor teor de linoléico e EPA apenas nos animais Trans de 21 dias. No grupo Trans-Controle ressaltamos alterações tanto em comparação ao grupo Controle quanto ao grupo Trans, apresentando maior teor do AG mirístico e total de saturados e menor teor de linolênico, AA, EPA, DHA e total poli- e monoinsaturados. Na análise do perfil de AG em fosfolipídios do hipotálamo, ressaltamos, aos 21 dias (grupo Trans), menor teor de linoléico, enquanto que aos 90 dias este grupo não apresentou alterações importantes. No grupo Trans-Controle, observamos maior teor do mirístico e total de saturados e menor teor de monoinsaturados. Na avaliação da ingestão alimentar em resposta à infusão de insulina ou de serotonina, verificamos que ambas as substâncias inibiram a ingestão alimentar nos grupos Controle e Trans, enquanto que no grupo Trans-Controle não foram capazes de inibir a ingestão. Verificamos que os teores hipotalâmicos de IR e IRS-1 foram significantemente menores no grupo Trans e Trans-Controle, respectivamente, em comparação ao grupo Controle. Nenhuma diferença significante foi observada no teor das proteínas envolvidas na ação anorexígena central da serotonina. Concluímos que o efeito da ingestão de AGT foi mais pronunciado no grupo Trans-Controle, entretanto o grupo Trans também mostrou sinais de modificação nos mecanismos de sinalização do apetite. Estes dados sugerem que a exposição aos AGT, em períodos críticos do desenvolvimento, impõe adaptações ao controle central da ingestão alimentar que podem se tornar deletérias tardiamente.
  • Nenhuma Miniatura disponível
    Item
    Somente Metadadados
    Intake of trans fatty acid-rich hydrogenated fat during pregnancy and lactation inhibits the hypophagic effect of central insulin in the adult offspring
    (Elsevier B.V., 2006-07-01) Albuquerque, Kelse Tibau de [UNIFESP]; Sardinha, Fatima Lucia de Carvalho [UNIFESP]; Telles, Mônica Marques [UNIFESP]; Watanabe, Regina Lucia Harumi [UNIFESP]; Nascimento, Claudia Maria da Penha Oller do [UNIFESP]; Tavares do Carmo, Maria G.; Ribeiro, Eliane Beraldi [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ)
    Objective: Using rats we examined whether maternal intake of hydrogenated fat rich in trans fatty acids affects brain fatty acid profile, hypothalamic content of insulin receptor and insulin receptor substrate-1 proteins, and the hypophagic effect of centrally administered insulin in 3-mo-old male progeny.Methods: Throughout pregnancy and lactation, Wistar rats ate isocaloric/normolipidic, diets with soybean oil (control) or soybean oil-derived hydrogenated fat (trans diet) as a fat source. Upon weaning, the trans offspring continued on the trans diet (trans group) or were switched to a control diet (trans-control group).Results: Compared with control rats, trans rats had lower brain - levels of eicosapentaenoic acid. Compared with trans rats, trans-control rats had increased levels of total polyunsaturated fatty acids and arachidonic acid and decreased levels of trans fatty acids, saturated fatty acids, and monounsaturated fatty acids. Insulin receptor and insulin receptor substrate-1 levels were significantly lower (44% and 38%, respectively) in trans than in control rats. in trans-control rats, insulin receptor was 26% lower (P < 0.05), whereas insulin receptor substrate-1 was 50% lower, than in control rats. Insulin decreased 24-h feeding in control (27%) and trans (38%) rats but failed to do so in trans-control rats. the latter group had increased-serum glucose levels.Conclusions: the data suggest that the early (intrauterine/perinatal) exposure to hydrogenated fat rich in trans fatty acids programmed the hypothalamic feeding control mechanisms. As young adults, only trans-control animals showed loss of insulin-induced hypophagia, indicating that the mismatch between early and later nutritional environments was relevant. However, the trans group also, showed signs of altered appetite signaling mechanisms, suggesting that the early adaptations may have deleterious consequences later in life. (C) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
  • Nenhuma Miniatura disponível
    Item
    Somente Metadadados
    Intake of trans fatty acids during gestation and lactation leads to hypothalamic inflammation via TLR4/NF kappa Bp65 signaling in adult offspring
    (Elsevier B.V., 2012-03-01) Pimentel, Gustavo Duarte [UNIFESP]; Lira, Fabio Santos de [UNIFESP]; Rosa, Jose Cesar [UNIFESP]; Oliveira, Juliana Lopez de [UNIFESP]; Hachul, Ana Claudia Losinskas [UNIFESP]; Souza, Gabriel Inacio Honorato de [UNIFESP]; Carmo, Maria das Gracas Tavares do; Santos, Ronaldo Vagner Thomatieli dos [UNIFESP]; Mello, Marco Tulio de [UNIFESP]; Tufik, Sergio [UNIFESP]; Seelaender, Marilia [UNIFESP]; Oyama, Lila Missae [UNIFESP]; Nascimento, Claudia Maria da Penha Oller do [UNIFESP]; Watanabe, Regina Lucia Harumi [UNIFESP]; Ribeiro, Eliane Beraldi [UNIFESP]; Pisani, Luciana Pellegrini [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ)
    We examined whether feeding pregnant and lactating rats with hydrogenated vegetable fats rich in trans fatty acids led to an increase in serum endotoxin levels and inflammation and to impaired satiety-sensing pathways in the hypothalamus of 90-day-old offspring. Pregnant and lactating Wistar rats were fed either a standard chow (Control) or one enriched with hydrogenated vegetable fat (Trans). Upon weaning, the male offspring were divided in two groups: Control-Control (CC), mothers and offspring fed the control diet; and Trans-Control (TC), mothers fed the trans diet, and offspring fed the control diet the offspring's food intake and body weight were quantified weekly and the offspring were killed on the 90th day of life by decapitation. the blood and hypothalamus were collected from the offspring. Food intake and body weight were higher in the TC rats than in the CC rats. TC rats had increased serum endotoxin levels and increased hypothalamic cytokines, IL-6, TNF-alpha and IL1-beta, concentrations (P<.05). TLR4, NF kappa Bp65 and MyD88 were higher (P <.05) in the TC rats than in the CC rats. AdipoR1 was lower in the TC rats than in the CC rats. Thus, the present study shows that the mothers' hydrogenated vegetable fat intake during pregnancy and lactation led to hypothalamic inflammation and impaired satiety-sensing, which promotes deleterious metabolic consequences such as obesity, even after the withdrawal of the causal factor. in other words, the effect remains after the consumption of the standard chow by offspring. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
  • Nenhuma Miniatura disponível
    Item
    Somente Metadadados
    Trans fatty acids in maternal diet may impair lipid biosynthesis in mammary gland of lactating rats
    (Karger, 2002-09-01) Assumpção, Renata Pereira; Santos, Flávia Duarte; Setta, Cecília Leal; Barreto, Giselle Freire; Matta, Isabela Escórcio Augusto da; Estadella, Debora [UNIFESP]; Azeredo, Vilma Blondet de; Carmo, Maria das Graças Tavares do; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ); Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF)
    Although trans fatty acids are known to influence essential fatty acid (EFA) metabolism and serum levels of lipids and lipoproteins, little is known about their effects on the metabolism of mammary glands (MGs) during lactation. in this study, 5 groups of lactating Wistar rats were fed semisynthetic diets containing 7% soy oil (control); 7% partially hydrogenated vegetable oil (7% PHVO); 13% PHVO +7% soy oil (13% PHVO); 5% PHVO +2% soy oil (5% PHVO), and 3.5% PHVO +3.5% soy oil (3.5% PHVO). Dams were killed on the 12th day of lactation. Weight, lipid content (LC), in vivo lipogenesis rate (LR) and activity of the lipogenic (ATP-citrate lyase and malic) enzymes were evaluated in the MGs. Maternal food intake, weight gain, and total MG weight were not found to be significantly different between the groups. the groups with 13, 7 and 5% PHVO presented a lower (p < 0.05) LR in MGs when compared to controls, whereas MG LC was higher in the 7 and 13% groups than in controls. the observed decrease in MG lipogenesis was accompanied by a diminution (p < 0.05) in the activities of ATP-citrate lyase and malic enzymes. These data indicate a potential impairment of lipid metabolism in the MG by trans isomers in lactating rats. Copyright (C) 2002 S. Karger AG, Basel.