Navegando por Palavras-chave "Tomografia computadorizada de emissão"

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    Diabéticos devem ter a artéria torácica interna esqueletizada? Avaliação da perfusão esternal por cintilografia
    (Sociedade Brasileira de Cirurgia Cardiovascular, 2009-06-01) Santos Filho, Edmilson Cardoso dos; Moraes Neto, Fernando Ribeiro de [UNIFESP]; Silva, Ricardo Augusto Machado e; Moraes, Carlos Roberto Ribeiro de; Instituto do Coração de Pernambuco; Universidade Federal de Pernambuco Centro de Ciências da Saúde Departamento de Cirurgia; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Pronto Socorro de Cardiologia de Pernambuco; Instituto de Medicina Nuclear e Endocrinologia do Recife; Real Hospital Português de Beneficência em Pernambuco; Universidade Federal de Pernambuco
    OBJECTIVE: To assess, by scintillography, the effect of using bilateral internal thoracic arteries (BITAs) - prepared by two different techniques - on the sternal perfusion. METHODS: 35 patients undergone coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) were divided into two groups: Group A (18) had both ITA's dissected using skeletonization technique and group B (17) as pedicle preparation. There was no difference in the two groups relating gender, age and demographic characteristics. On the 7th postoperative day the patients underwent bone scintillography. The statistical analysis was performed using the Student's t test with 95% significance. RESULTS: Group A (skeletonized ITA) showed higher perfusion (11.5%) of the sternum as a mean, than Group B (pedicled ITA) patients; however this was not statistically significant (P = 0.127). On the other hand, comparing the diabetic population, seven in each group, there was a marked 47.4% higher perfusion of the sternum in Group A patients (skeletonized ITA) comparing to Group B (pedicled ITA) and this difference reached statistical significance (P = 0.004). CONCLUSION: 1- Sternal perfusion is not affected significantly apart from the dissection technique used for both internal thoracic arteries in the general population when assessed by bone scintillography. 2 - In the diabetic subgroup, a significant preservation of the sternal perfusion was observed in patients undergone skeletonized dissection of the internal thoracic arteries. Although these findings should be confirmed in a greater number of cases, diabetic patients should have the internal thoracic arteries dissected using skeletonization techinque.
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    Efeitos cerebrais da maconha: resultados dos estudos de neuroimagem
    (Associação Brasileira de Psiquiatria - ABP, 2005-03-01) Crippa, José Alexandre de Souza; Lacerda, Acioly Luiz Tavares de [UNIFESP]; Amaro Junior, Edson; Busatto Filho, Geraldo [UNIFESP]; Zuardi, Antonio Waldo; Bressan, Rodrigo Affonseca [UNIFESP]; Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Cannabis is the most widely used illicit drug. Despite this, only a small number of studies have investigated the long-term neurotoxic consequences of cannabis use. Structural and functional neuroimaging techniques are powerful research tools to investigate possible cannabis-induced pathophysiological changes. A computer literature review was conducted in the MEDLINE and PsycLIT databases between 1966 and November of 2004 with the search terms 'cannabis', 'marijuana', 'neuroimaging', 'magnetic resonance', 'computed tomography', 'positron emission tomography', 'single photon emission computed tomography, 'SPET', 'MRI' and 'CT'. Structural neuroimaging studies have yielded conflicting results. Most studies report no evidence of cerebral atrophy or regional changes in tissue volumes, and one study suggested that long-term users who started regular use on early adolescence have cerebral atrophy as well as reduction in gray matter. However, several methodological shortcomings limit the interpretation of these results.Functional neuroimaging studies have reported increases in neural activity in regions that may be related with cannabis intoxication or mood-change effects (orbital and mesial frontal lobes, insula, and anterior cingulate) and decreases in activity of regions related with cognitive functions impaired during acute intoxication.The important question whether residual neurotoxic effects occur after prolonged and regular use of cannabis remains unclear, with no study addressing this question directly. Better designed neuroimaging studies, combined with cognitive evaluation, may be elucidative on this issue.
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    Parkinson s disease and dopamine transporter neuroimaging: a critical review
    (Associação Paulista de Medicina - APM, 2006-01-01) Shih, Ming Chi [UNIFESP]; Hoexter, Marcelo Queiroz [UNIFESP]; Andrade, Luiz Augusto Franco de [UNIFESP]; Bressan, Rodrigo Affonseca [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein Instituto Israelita de Ensino e Pesquisa
    Parkinson s disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder that is mainly caused by dopaminergic neuron loss in the substantia nigra. Several nuclear medicine radiotracers have been developed to evaluate PD diagnoses and disease evolution in vivo in PD patients. Positron emission tomography (PET) and single photon computerized emission tomography (SPECT) radiotracers for the dopamine transporter (DAT) provide good markers for the integrity of the presynaptic dopaminergic system affected in PD. Over the last decade, radiotracers suitable for imaging the DAT have been the subject of most efforts. In this review, we provide a critical discussion on the utility of DAT imaging for Parkinson s disease diagnosis (sensitivity and specificity).