Navegando por Palavras-chave "Substance use disorder"

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    Assessment of Alcohol and Tobacco Use Disorders Among Religious Users of Ayahuasca
    (Frontiers Media Sa, 2018) Barbosa, Paulo Cesar Ribeiro; Tofoli, Luis Fernando; Bogenschutz, Michael P.; Hoy, Robert; Berro, Laís Fernanda [UNIFESP]; Marinho, Eduardo Ary Villela; Areco, Kelsy Catherina Nena [UNIFESP]; Winkelman, Michael J.
    The aims of this study were to assess the impact of ceremonial use of ayahuasca—a psychedelic brew containing N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) and β-carboline —and attendance at União do Vegetal (UDV) meetings on substance abuse; here we report the findings related to alcohol and tobacco use disorder. A total of 1,947 members of UDV 18+ years old were evaluated in terms of years of membership and ceremonial attendance during the previous 12 months. Participants were recruited from 10 states from all major regions of Brazil. Alcohol and tobacco use was evaluated through questionnaires first developed by the World Health Organization and the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Analyses compared levels of alcohol and tobacco use disorder between the UDV and a national normative sample (n = 7,939). Binomial tests for proportions indicated that lifetime use of alcohol and tobacco was higher in UDV sample compared to the Brazilian norms for age ranges of 25–34 and over 34 years old, but not for the age range of 18–24 years old. However, current use disorders for alcohol and tobacco were significantly lower in the UDV sample than the Brazilian norms. Regression analyses revealed a significant impact of attendance at ayahuasca ceremonies during the previous 12 months and years of UDV membership on the reduction of alcohol and tobacco use disorder.
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    Childhood trauma in substance use disorder and depression: An analysis by gender among a Brazilian Clinical sample
    (Elsevier B.V., 2010-02-01) Tucci, Adriana Marcassa [UNIFESP]; Kerr-Corrêa, Florence; Souza-Formigoni, Maria Lucia Oliveira de [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade de São Paulo (USP)
    Objective: in this study, we compared the frequency and intensity of childhood traumas in alcohol- or other drug-dependent patients, in patients with depression, and in a control group without psychiatric diagnoses.Methods: the study had a retrospective design of a clinical sample of men and women from the groups listed above. They were evaluated by the same standardized instrument: the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire.Results: A higher frequency and intensity of emotional, physical, and sexual abuse were found in alcohol- and other drug-dependent patients than in patients with depression, who, in turn, presented significantly higher proportions than the control group. in all of the cases, the frequency was higher among women than men.Conclusion: Because of the high frequency and intensity of childhood traumas among alcohol- or other drug-dependent patients and depressed patients, the assessment of problems due to childhood traumas among these patients is essential to a better understanding of the etiology of those disorders and to their treatment. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.