Navegando por Palavras-chave "Substance use"
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- ItemSomente MetadadadosGradient of association between parenting styles and patterns of drug use in adolescence: A latent class analysis(Elsevier Ireland Ltd, 2017) Valente, Juliana Y. [UNIFESP]; Cogo-Moreira, Hugo [UNIFESP]; Sanchez, Zila M. [UNIFESP]Background: To identify different patterns of drug use in adolescence and determine if these are associated with parenting styles and other sociodemographic factors. Methods: A latent class analysis was conducted using baseline data collected in a sample (n = 6381) from a randomized controlled trial conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the #Tamojunto drug-use prevention program, carried out with 7th- and 8th-grade public school students in six Brazilian cities. Results: Three latent classes were identified among the students: 1) abstainers/low users (81.54%), 2) alcohol users/binge drinkers (16.65%), and 3) polydrug users (1.80%). A gradient of inverse association was found between parenting styles (authoritative, authoritarian, and indulgent, with the neglectful style as a reference point) and the classes "alcohol users/binge drinkers" (aOR = 0.36, 95%CI = 0.27-0.47; aOR = 0.56, 95%CI = 0.43-0.72; and aOR = 0.64, 95%CI = 0.51-0.80, respectively) and "polydrug users" (aOR = 0.09, 95%CI = 0.03-0.24; aOR = 0.23, 95%CI = 0.11-0.52; and aOR = 0.24, 95%CI = 0.08-0.74, respectively). Associations were also revealed between the latent classes and the adolescent's age and socioeconomic status. Conclusion: The results suggest that activities to develop parenting skills should be included in school programs aimed at the prevention of drug use among adolescents in order to reduce neglectful practices and thereby possibly reduce drug use among the children.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Interfaces entre comportamento sexual de risco e uso de cocaína e álcool em uma amostra de pacientes em tratamento para uso de substâncias(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2018-07-05) Dallelucci, Claudia Chaves [UNIFESP]; Silveira Filho, Dartiu Xavier Da [UNIFESP]; Fidalgo, Thiago Marques; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2125056709432095; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0876669702022083; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5733926011868681; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5733926011868681; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Objective: To study risky sexual behavior, primarily inconsistent condom use and the presence of multiple partners in alcohol and cocaine users. We also research the association of risky sexual behavior with other variables, such as schooling and psychiatric comorbidities. Methodology: Observational study of a clinical sample of initial interviews of patients seeking treatment in an outpatient addiction unit. The variables were organized into four blocks: sociodemographic, substance use, sexual behavior and psychiatric symptoms. For risky sexual behavior was considered the inconsistent use of condoms and the presence of multiple sexual partners in the last six months. An exploratory analysis of the association between the variable "risky sexual behavior" and the other variables was performed using Pearson's chisquare (X2), followed by a multivariate logistic regression analysis, with a significance level of 5% for all tests. Results: 95.9% of the sample are men and 4.1% are women, with a mean age of 37 years. After analyzing the variables with the presence or absence of risky sexual behavior, data presentig statical significance of association with the presence of risky sexual behavior were included in the logistic regression, being age, schooling, work activity, cocaine use concomitantly alcohol, having sex under substance influence in the last six months, and a history of childhood sexual abuse. Corroborating some data in the literature, women seek less treatment for dependence than men, considering the disparity of the sample in an outpatient treatment unit. Age was an independent risk factor for risky sexual behavior, even in the adult population. Other structural factors, such as schooling and the presence of formal employment, have tended to influence as much as the use of substances in risky sexual behaviors. Conclusion: The risk of the psychoactive users population of contracting sexually transmitted infecctions is high. However, attributing this risk only to the substance use is a simplistic and difficult route to be proven. Other structural factors such as age, schooling and history of abuse can influence decision making for safe sex.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosPsychometric and discriminative properties of the Teen Addiction Severity Index (Brazilian Portuguese version)(Springer, 2009-11-01) Sartes, Laisa Marcorela A. [UNIFESP]; De Micheli, Denise [UNIFESP]; Souza-Formigoni, Maria Lucia O. [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)In this study we evaluated the internal consistency of the Brazilian Portuguese version of Teen Addiction Severity Index (T-ASI) and validated its substance use area. Evaluating 100 psychoactive substance abusers/dependent adolescents (SUD) and 108 adolescents without such diagnosis (NON-SUD), we found good correlations between the classification by the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI, used as gold standard) and the severity (r = 0.73) and composite (r = 0.72) scores of the T-ASI. the area under the ROC curve was 0.88, showing a satisfactory correct classification rate. the internal consistency, evaluated by Cronbach's alpha coefficients, was considered good regarding the substance use (0.89), legal (0.81), and psychiatric (0.80) areas of the T-ASI. the Brazilian Portuguese version of T-ASI presented good internal consistency and a valid substance use area. A comparison between the groups regarding the answers to each question in all the areas was conducted in order to identify which questions in the T-ASI discriminate SUD from NON-SUD adolescents, to have a basis for the proposal of a shorter version of the instrument.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Use of psychoactive substances by adolescents: current panorama(Associação Brasileira de Psiquiatria - ABP, 2013-01-01) Lopes, Gabriel M.; Nobrega, Brunno Araujo; Del Prette, Giovana; Scivoletto, Sandra; Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Adolescence is a period of vulnerability to substance use disorders (SUDs). Epidemiological studies indicate that about 23% of Brazilian adolescents use drugs, with alcohol being the most widely consumed substance. The etiology of SUDs is complex, influenced by an interaction of genetic risk, individual development, environmental factors, context of use, and substance used. Clinicians should consider diagnostic criteria and be aware of behavioral changes that may indicate drug use and its consequences in various aspects of adolescent life. Identification and treatment of comorbid conditions is critical to the management of SUDs in this age group. Interventions should restrict access to drugs and facilitate prompt recognition of initial use, preventing progression to serious patterns of abuse or dependence. Intervention should be broad, including academic and occupational activities as well as social relationships and leisure, which are critical to the reestablishment of normal adolescent development.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosViolence in Brazilian schools: Analysis of the effect of the #Tamojunto prevention program for bullying and physical violence(Academic Press Ltd- Elsevier Science Ltd, 2018) Gusmoes, Julia D. S. P. [UNIFESP]; Sanudo, Adriana[UNIFESP]; Valente, Juliana Y.[UNIFESP]; Sanchez, Zila M.[UNIFESP]A randomized controlled trial was conducted with 6637 7th-and 8th-grade students in 72 public schools in 6 Brazilian cities to evaluate the effects of the European drug prevention program Unplugged, called #Tamojunto in Brazil. This article evaluates the effects of #Tamojunto on the prevention of bullying and physical violence. Baseline data were collected from both intervention and control groups prior to program implementation. Follow-up data collection was performed 9 and 21 months later. Generalized estimating equations were used to evaluate changes in the reporting of receiving or practicing bullying and physical violence over time. The program was found to reduce the likelihood of receiving bullying, particularly in the stratum of girls aged 13-15 years at the 9-month follow-up time point. The effect was not sustained at 21 months. There was no significant effect for practicing bullying and for receiving or practicing physical violence.