Navegando por Palavras-chave "Psychomotor Performance"
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- ItemSomente MetadadadosAcute personalized habitual caffeine doses improve attention and have selective effects when considering the fractionation of executive functions(Wiley-blackwell, 2016) Lanini, Juliana [UNIFESP]; Fernandes Galduroz, Jose Carlos [UNIFESP]; Pompeia, Sabine [UNIFESP]Caffeine is widely used, often consumed with food, and improves simple and complex/executive attention under fasting conditions. We investigated whether these cognitive effects are observed when personalized habitual doses of caffeine are ingested by caffeine consumers, whether they are influenced by nutriments and if various executive domains are susceptible to improvement. This was a double-blind, placebo-controlled study including 60 young, healthy, rested males randomly assigned to one of four treatments: placebo fasting, caffeine fasting, placebo meal and caffeine meal. Caffeine doses were individualized for each participant based on their self-reported caffeine consumption at the time of testing (morning). The test battery included measures of simple and sustained attention, executive domains (inhibiting, updating, shifting, dual tasking, planning and accessing long-term memory), control measures of subjective alterations, glucose and insulin levels, skin conductance, heart rate and pupil dilation. Regardless of meal intake, acute habitual doses of caffeine decreased fatigue, and improved simple and sustained attention and executive updating. This executive effect was not secondary to the habitual weekly dose consumed, changes in simple and sustained attention, mood, meal ingestion and increases in cognitive effort. We conclude that the morning caffeine "fix" has positive attentional effects and selectively improved executive updating whether or not caffeine is consumed with food. Copyright (C) 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Capacidade Funcional: estudo prospectivo em idosos residentes em uma instituição de longa permanência(Universidade do Estado do Rio Janeiro, 2010-08-01) Marchon, Renata Marques [UNIFESP]; Cordeiro, Renata Cereda [UNIFESP]; Nakano, Márcia Mariko; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Lar Escola São Francisco Centro de Reabilitação Setor de Reabilitação Gerontológica; Universidade de São Paulo (USP)The Short Physical Performance Balance - SPPB has been largely used in researches related to the effects of aging, as a practical and efficient instrument to estimate the physical conditions and screening of elderly people with future disability risk. The SPPB estimates the performance of lower limbs in three aspects: muscle strength, gait and balance, all recognized as fundamental to achieve good quality of life, being accepted as universal indicators to value the health conditions of the elderly. PURPOSE: Analyze the SPPB effectiveness to detect functional capacity changes among institutionalized elderly patients and how it is influenced by cognitive, clinical and global functional variables. METHODS: a prospective study, involving 30 residents of a philanthropic long-term care facility in São Paulo (17 women and 13 men), with ages above 60 years old (43% older than 80 years old) and an average of seven years of residence. After 18 months, these old people were reevaluated and data were compared. RESULTS: Considering the evaluated elderly who had good performance (17%), all of them showed up loss of strength during the research. It was observed that there was an improvement of 16% and 1%, respectively, in the balance and in gait, respectively. There was one or more falls in 47% of them. Comparing the Katz's Index of Independency in the Daily Living, the SPPB was more sensitive to the functional decline, indicating 39%, as compared to the 14% of the loss indentified by Katz. CONCLUSIONS: the data confirm the previous studies, which indicate the functional capacity decline of institutionalized elderly and for the SPPB applicability in the routine of functional attendance of this population.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosPercepção Espacial / Visuomotora Associada Ao Processamento Auditivo Em Crianças Na Fase Escolar: Intervenção E Reedução(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2017-09-04) Goncalves, Fatima Aparecida [UNIFESP]; Pereira, Liliane Desgualdo [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Abstract: The discrepancy in temporal and spatial/motor orientation is pointed out in the literature as co-occurring in learning disorder cases. However, educational and therapeutical practices focus temporal stimulation, which is directly linked to language mechanisms, whereas despite acknowledged as associated, spatial/motor orientation is not emphasized. Researches show that both plasticity and maturation of sensory and perceptual systems are affected by stimulation, once stimulus and experience activate and reinforce specific neural pathways. This study brings a multisensory therapeutical/educational intervention group approach, held inside the school to improve auditory perceptual capacity and spatial and motor organization of the school age child as well as social interaction in small groups. Objective: this paper aims to verify the efficacyduto of an intervention program involving spatial/motor and auditory intervention in children from ages 9 to 11, with no cognitive alterations. Method: 162 children from public schools, from both genders, considered cognitively adequate according to Raven Progressive Matrix (1992) were divided into four groups: three experimental groups: multisensory group; auditory/motor group; and motor/auditory group - which received stimulation sessions; and a control group without stimulation. All groups were evaluated by means of Motor Development Scale; Simplified Evaluation of Central Auditory Processing; Visuospatial Test from Luria/Nebraska Neuropsychological Battery and Scale of auditory behaviors (SAB). The experimental groups were evaluated and re-evaluated after eight weeks without intervention. They then received different types of intervention involving auditory and spatial/motor aspects combined and isolated. They were re-evaluated after eight stimulation sessions (4 weeks) so that the groups of isolated stimulation could change the stimulated aspect and once more, after eight more stimulation sessions (4 more weeks). The control group was evaluated in the beginning of the program and re-evaluated after 16 weeks. Results: in the experimental groups, there was significant effect (p < 0,01) in comparison between instants with and without intervention in relation to variables which were: balance, spatial organization, temporal organization and transition of time structures (dictation) on the motor scale; verbal and nonverbal sequential memory; and for the score referring to the auditory, attention, and total score in SAB. There was no statistical significance in the variables of the visuospatial test. There was also a significant effect in the comparison between intervention groups on the following variables: temporal organization (p<0,01) and score referring to the attention aspect and total score in SAB scale (p<0,02). Conclusion: The three experimental groups benefited from the intervention, especially after the first eight sessions of stimulation (4 hours training), with more significance to the groups of isolated stimulation, auditory/motor and motor/auditory. The experimental groups differed statistically from the control group on most studied aspects.