Navegando por Palavras-chave "Neurocysticercosis"

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    Estudo dos aminoácidos neurotransmissores e da proteína Fas liquóricos nas diferentes fases da neurocisticercose humana
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2010-04-28) Camargo, José Augusto [UNIFESP]; Bertolucci, Paulo Henrique Ferreira [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    The Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is the most common parasitic disease of the human central nervous system. The cysticercus may remain viable for several years, and at this stage, may modulate the inflammatory response in the host without causing symptoms. Symptoms usually appear when the cysticercus enters the stage accompanied by degenerative pericystic inflammation. These changes can lead to brain tissue and cause crisis, considered the main symptom of neurocysticercosis. Despite the economic and scientific efforts aimed at eradication and the understanding of the disease, which often affects developing countries, many questions remain little discussed. An intriguing question, and that was the central goal of this study, is the fact that some patients with NCC, which do not show signs of inflammation identified by clinical examination or imaging (CT or MRI), may or may not have seizures. The identification of markers associated with the occurrence of crises and injury could contribute to the understanding of some of these phenomeno. This study aimed to investigate in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with neurocysticercosis, with cysts in the active phase and calcified, with no evidence of inflammation associated table and who had seizures or not, the concentration of excitatory amino acid neurotransmitters (ASPARTATE and GLUTAMATE) and inhibitory (TAURINE, glycine, glutamine and GABA mainly) and soluble Fas protein (sFAS), a marker of the extrinsic pathway of apoptosis. The control group was made up of cerebrospinal fluid from patients with disorders of the central nervous system and which were subject to minor surgeries. Fifty-eight individuals diagnosed with NCC were divided into four groups: VCWZ (active or viable cysts without seizures) n = 13; VCZ (active or viable cysts with seizures) n = 16; CCWZ (inactive or calcified cysts without seizures) n = 14; CCZ (inactive or calcified cysts with seizures) n = 15. Seventy-three subjects in the control group or without conditions were included in the study, and of these 14 were used for the quantification of SFAS and 59 for the analysis of amino acids. The groups VCWZ, VCZ, CCZ showeds a significant increase (p <5%) of SFAS when compared to the control group, suggesting the presence of apoptosis in the brain parenchyma. The significant increase in the concentration of glutamate and aspartate in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients in group VCZ reflects an increase in neuronal excitability predisposes to the occurrence of crises, despite the GABA also be increased. The increase in glutamine was detected in all groups, although it was only significant in groups with viable cysts and calcified without crises. This increase indicates that the metabolic cycle of glutamine (Gln-Glu-GABA) is increased in patients with neurocysticercosis and, when it is able to metabolize the free glutamate, concomitantly leading to the production of GABA, prevents the occurrence of crises, as observed in group CCWZ. The taurine, but increased in all groups, showed a statistical significance only in CCWZ group. Considering the results, we concluded that a disorder in the metabolism of amino acids attached the framework of neurocysticercosis, with the increase in glutamate and aspartate favoring the occurrence of crises as well as apoptosis. The changes detected in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with calcified cysts indicate that the mechanism is also dynamic in that condition, calling the reflection of Clinical to replace the term "inactive cyst" to "reagent inactive cyst" bearing in mind that even calcified, the cyst may cause reactions in the parenchyma.
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    Neurocysticercosis
    (Elsevier B.V., 2013-02-01) Zymberg, Samuel Tau [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    OBJECTIVE: Neurocysticercosis is the most common parasitosis of the central nervous system. Many forms, especially those inside the ventricles, carry a poor prognosis. Drug therapy is far from ideal.METHODS: We propose and comment on the use of the endoscope to remove cysts, treat hydrocephalus, and to perform membrane fenestration as a way to simplify treatment.RESULTS: Many patients, especially those with obstructive forms, benefit from the adjunctive use of neuroendoscopy.CONCLUSIONS: Neurocysticercosis treatment remains challenging and multimodal. Endoscopes can be helpful in this setting.