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    Estudo do potencial biotecnológico de fungos endofíticos de manguezais do estado de São Paulo
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 2016-02-09) Martinho, Vivian [UNIFESP]; Vasconcellos, Suzan Pantaroto de [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Discovery of new enzymes acting and assiting the degradation of natural polymers can bring great benefits to the development and/ or growth of second generation ethanol production, as well as for the development of bioremediation processes. It is known that ecological functions of the most microorganisms in nature and their potential applications in biotechnology are still unknown, especially regarding to microorganisms from extreme environments, like mangrove. Among the biotechnological potential of mangroves, it is noteworthy about its community of endophytic fungi, which are considered as effective sources of bioactive compounds, still poorly explored about their versatility. In this sense, the goal of this study was to analyze the enzymatic activity of isolated endophytes from São Paulo State mangroves, checking about their potential for production enzymes for interest in cellulosic ethanol obtention. Their application in bioremediation of fatty waste were also investigated. Thirty two strains of endophytic fungi, morphologically distinct, were evaluated about the presence of ligninase activities, as well as oxygenases, cellulases and xylanases. The production of metabolites with emulsifier and/ or surfactant activity was also investigated. Therefore, among the analyzed isolates, twenty (20) were selected about their ligninolytic activity, twenty-two (22) about oxygenases, eleven (11) about cellulase and fourteen (14) about xylanase. Strains 9(3)2 ? F. sambucinum was selected as higher LiP (72.3 U.L-1) and MnP (29.2 U.L-1) producer. The strain 63.1 ? Fusarium sp. presented proeminent Lac (128.5 U.L-1) activity, while 24(4) ? P. minioluteum showed high oxygenase activity. About cellulolytic and xylanolytic activities, strain 47(4) ? H. lixii showed the highest values: 48.8 and 28.4 U.mL-1, respectively. In addition, fifteen (15) fungi was selected about its bioemulsifier activity, and the strains 94(4) ? Diaporthe sp. and 9(4) ? A. awamori (62.8 %) showed the most elevated performance when automotive motor oil was used as hydrophobic compound