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- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Perfil sociodemográfico e de saúde de menores de cinco anos e mulheres em idade reprodutiva de aldeias indígenas Pataxó, Minas Gerais, Brasil(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2018-10-25) Santos, Anabele Pires [UNIFESP]; Franco, Maria do Carmo Pinho [UNIFESP]; Castro, Teresa Gontijo de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1073355400463645; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8561478992393790; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5546231798624297; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Objective: To describe sociodemographic and health profile of children under five years old and women aged 14 to 49 years old from indigenous villages Pataxó, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Methodology: Cross-sectional population-based epidemiological study conducted in 2011 with Pataxó, Minas Gerais. It was used a structured questionnaire based on the I National Survey of Health and Nutrition of Indigenous (Abrasco/Göteborg University/Funasa) to evaluate sociodemographic and health profile. Anthropometric measurements (weight and height for women and children) and waist circumference (for women) was performed according to the World Health Organization (WHO) protocols. The classification of nutritional status was based on cut-off points established by WHO. Frequencies of categorical variables and mean or median of continuous variables were calculated. Student´s t test was used to identify differences between means, while proportions were compared by Pearson Chi-square test, adopting P <0.05. Multiple logistic regression model was used to identify sociodemographic factors associated with overweight among indigenous women. Data were analyzed using PASW software, version 17.0, adopting P <0.05. Results:It were evaluated 34 children (<5 years) and 69 women (14-49 years) living in 5 villages of Pataxó located in Araçuaí, Açucena, Guanhães and Carmésia. Among children under five years, most of the children were born in the hospital, all had prenatal care and 82.4% had six or more appointments. Universal coverage was found for most of the vaccines evaluated. Prevalence of hospitalization in the last 12 months was 23.5%, but no hospitalization was due to respiratory infections and only 1 child was hospitalized with diarrhea. Occurrence of diarrhea in the last week was reported for 17.6% of the children and cough for 35.3%. About half of children had taken high dosages of vitamin A in the last six months. Only 8.8% of children had a growth monitoring record in the last month prior to the survey. Among children under two years, 100% started breastfeeding and median duration of breastfeeding was 12 months. Among women, 26.1% were adolescents (age> 14 to <20 years), 40.6% had completed primary school and most were married. It was verified that 13% used medication for blood pressure, 5.8% for diabetes mellitus and anemia. Regarding the number of hospital admissions, 67.5% of the women had a hospital stay and 32.5% had two or more admissions. Most had already become pregnant with the first gestation in adolescence and most of them became pregnant 2 to 4 times. Family income of the majority of women came from the sale of handicrafts or other production and approximately half received Bolsa Família social benefit. The majority of food was obtained from nearby markets, basic food basket and cultivation or home / collective breeding. Age, village of origin and age of first pregnancy were independently associated with overweight among non-pregnant women. Conclusions: The findings suggest improvements in primary care actions such as prenatal care, child care, immunization, implementation of micronutrient supplementation programs, infant growth and development, breastfeeding, reduction and prevention of risk factors for overweight in indigenous women and nutritional status of the population described. The study intends to subsidize discussions about indigenous health programs, especially in actions aimed at improving the nutritional status of indigenous children and women and living conditions of Brazilian natives.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Saúde infantil: condições de vida e utilização de serviços de saúde em área da Região Metropolitana de São Paulo, 1996(Instituto de Medicina Integral Prof. Fernando Figueira, 2002-08-01) Puccini, Rosana Fiorini [UNIFESP]; Silva, Nilza Nunes da; Araújo, Norma Sueli de; Pedroso, Glaura César [UNIFESP]; Silva, Edina Mariko Koga da [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade de São Paulo (USP); município do Embu Secretaria de Saúde Assessoria TécnicaOBJECTIVES: to identify segments of the population excluded from the health system or requiring specific and oriented action from the health services. METHODS:household survey using a two-stage cluster sample comprised of 1.099 children under five years old, residing in the municipality of Embu, São Paulo in 1996. Living conditions were stratified into four bands; the sampling process considered two independent populations: children under one year old and children between one and four years old. Indicators of prenatal and perinatal care and child's health attention were investigated. Statistical analysis: estimates of proportions, standard errors and confidence intervals (95%) were calculated, utilizing the Csample: Epi-info 6.04 program. RESULTS: in all the bands, over 90% of the mothers had prenatal assistance, although with a tendency towards later access in band four (shantytowns). Around 80% of the children under one year old were followed up by healthcare clinics; the basic health units were principally utilized for vaccinations (97,4%) and checkups (79,0%), especially for band four, and the other healthcare facilities were utilized for medical visits without appointments. For band one (best conditions), there was a greater demand for private and health insurance services. For acute affections healthcare facilities services were the option for almost 100% of the cases. CONCLUSIONS: no segments of the population were identified as being excluded from the health system; some indicators pointed towards deficiencies for all bands, some of which were more accentuated for band four.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Variáveis que influenciam a manutenção do aleitamento materno exclusivo(Universidade de São Paulo, Escola de Enfermagem, 2009-03-01) Narchi, Nádia Zanon; Fernandes, Rosa Áurea Quintella; Dias, Lílian de Araújo; Novais, Daniela Higasa [UNIFESP]; Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Universidade Guarulhos Curso de Mestrado em Enfermagem; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)This is a descriptive, exploratory and retrospective study, with a quantitative approach, performed in a low-income community in São Paulo, with the purpose to identify whether the maintenance of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) in the first six months is influenced by the following variables: early contact in the first hour after birth, permanence in joint lodging, type of delivery and type of hospital. Data were collected from 75 medical records and analyzed with the methodology of generalized estimate equations. The results showed that the variables joint lodging, type of hospital and type of delivery interfered in the maintenance of EBF; however, that was not the case with early contact. It was concluded that the EBF indexes were higher in cases where the mother and the baby remained together after the birth, in baby-friendly hospitals and after normal deliveries. It was also observed that the care received by the mother during the process of delivery and birth influences breastfeeding directly.