Navegando por Palavras-chave "Low birth weight newborn"

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    Depressão e ansiedade na adolescência: o papel do baixo peso ao nascer e dos polimorfismos no sistema galaninérgico
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2016-11-30) Machado, Fernanda da Conceição Costa [UNIFESP]; Franco, Maria do Carmo Pinho [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0138099513326464; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3957917310101825; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    This thesis has been divided into two chapters. In the first chapter, the objective was to determine whether adolescents, with a history of low birth weight, are more likely to report symptoms of depression/anxiety. Therefore, a cross-sectional study, with 102 adolescents (40 boys and 62 girls) aged 10-18 years was conducted. It was observed that the incidence of depression symptoms among this population was present in 63% of the adolescents stratified in the first quartile of birth weight, while only 20% of adolescents in the last quartile reported the presence of these symptoms. Similarly, when assessing the symptomatology of anxiety, it was verified that 83% of the adolescents in the first quartile presented the symptoms, followed only by 36% in the last quartile of birth weight. The logistics analysis showed that female adolescents are 4.9 times more likely to have symptoms of anxiety when compared with male adolescents. In addition, it was observed that the adolescents, whose birth weight was in the first quartile, showed 8,4 times more chances to present the anxiety symptoms. On the other hand, adolescents who reported a physical activity practice greater than or equal to two times a week showed 72% chance to develop anxiety symptoms. Similar results were observed when considering the depressive symptomatology. It was also observed that the female adolescents were 3.9 times more likely to have symptoms of depression, and adolescents in the first quartile of birth weight presented 5.6 times more chances to develop depression. However, the regular practice of physical activity was effective to reduce the chance of developing depression symptoms in 77%. Thus, it is concluded that the study confirms the finding in literature showing that low birth weight is correlated with higher rates of symptoms of depression and anxiety during adolescence. Therefore, the presence of a deleterious fetal environment appears to have a significant impact on the presence of psychiatric disorders. In the second chapter, we sought to investigate the importance of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the galaninergic system, and the presence of depression symptoms and anxiety. For this, a cross-sectional study with 87 pubescent adolescents (51 girls and 36 boys) was realized, evaluating the following SNPs: rs948854 and rs4432027 present in the gene promoter region encoding galanin (GAL), rs11665337 found in the GALR1 receptor and the rs8836 present in GALR2. We verified that, only in relation to the SNPs rs948854 and rs11665337, the adolescents carrying the GG and AG genotype had median scores of CDI significantly higher than adolescents homozygous AA, suggesting that carriers of the G allele for these SNPs have certain genetic vulnerability to develop depression. The same was not observed for the SCARED score. Moreover, we found no significant changes in the scores of CDI and SCARED when analyzing SNPs rs4432027 and rs8836. Finally, we observed no significant differences regarding the distribution of genotypes for the different SNPs of the galaninergic system in relation to race, gender and current nutritional status of the population studied. Therefore, it is concluded that the SNP rs948854 which is located in the promoter gene region of the GAL gene, as well as the SNP rs11665337 present in GALR1 receptor, seem to be involved in the modulation of depressive state, especially in those individuals with genotypes AG and GG. However, we found no relationship between the different SNPs in galaninergic system with the presence of anxiety disorders. This study reinforces and complements the findings in the literature on the importance of genetic variations in the gene encoding GAL and its GALR1 receptor on depressive symptoms.
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    Impacto do Método Canguru em recém-nascidos de baixo peso
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2017-06-30) Melo, Adriana de Medeiros [UNIFESP]; Silva, Edina Mariko Koga da [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0262292376123164; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9892919389507108; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Objective: To evaluate the impact of the Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) on breastfeeding, motor development and nutritional status in low birth weight newborns in a public maternity hospital in the city of Maceió - Alagoas. Methods: This is a prospective controlled cohort study carried out from January 2014 to July 2015 at Santa Mônica School Maternity (MESM)-UNCISAL, located in the City of Maceió - AL. The sample consisted of 128 groups of mothers and their preterm and low birth weight infants, of which 65 were in the kangaroo accommodation (G-kangaroo); and 63 in the roming-in (G-alcon). The babies were evaluated in two stages: firstly, during hospitalization; and secondly, around 4 to 5 months of hospital discharge. The following procedures were performed: breastfeeding rate research; Nutritional assessment of the baby; Assessment of the baby's oral sensory motor system; And Test of Motor Infant Performance (TIMP). We used the Statistical Package for Social Sciences, version 16.0 for the statistical analysis and Student's t test, chi-square and Fisher's exact test. The inter-rater concordance for the analysis of TIMP videos was performed by the Kappa concordance index. The level of significance was set at 5% in all tests. Results: There was a predominance of female infants for both groups: 53% (35/65) in G-kangaroo and 58.7% (37/63) in G-alcon. Regarding the birth weight, the G-kangaroo stands out for 47.7% (31/65) of infants with extremely low weight, while in G-alcon, it was 100% of low birth weight infants. At the time of the first evaluation (TIMP1), exclusive breastfeeding predominated for the two groups, with no significant difference: 73.8% (48/65) in G-kangaroo and 63.5% (40/63) in G-alcon. The two groups presented a similar profile in the overall development of the motor sensory system. The majority of infants presented atypical motor development according to the classification of the Z score, being 78.5% (51/65) for the G-kangaroo and 95.2% (60/63) in G-alcon. The nutritional status in the first evaluation presented a significant difference with 43.1% (28/65) for the G-kangaroo group and 15.8% (10/63) for G-alcon at nutritional risk. In the second evaluation, after discharge, significant difference was observed in exclusive breastfeeding favoring G-kangaroo compared to the G-alcon group: 29.2% (19/65) vs 6.3% (4/63). There was no difference between the two groups in the proportion of atypical motor development, with improvement in relation to TIMP1 52.3% (34/65) and 68.3% (43/63). Conclusions: Low-weight infants participating in the Kangaroo Mother Care had better rates of breastfeeding and nutritional recovery in the prospective follow-up compared to infants under the Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) presented a significant improvement in breastfeeding and nutritional recovery in the G-kangaroo group compared to those under traditional care.