Navegando por Palavras-chave "Lead poisoning"

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    Homeopathic Plumbum metallicum for lead poisoning: a randomized clinical trial
    (Elsevier B.V., 2011-07-01) Padilha, Roberto Queiroz; Riera, Rachel [UNIFESP]; Atallah, Alvaro Nagib [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar); Hosp Sirio Libanes; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Introduction: Poisoning due to lead and its compounds has short and long-term effects primarily on the nervous, hematopoietic, gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, renal and reproductive systems. It can manifest in acute or chronic symptoms. Measuring serum concentration is the primary method for diagnosing and monitoring exposed workers. Presently, elevated lead levels are treated by drugs whose effectiveness is contested on various fronts. Experimental studies suggest that homeopathic preparations may be in controlling blood lead levels in laboratory animals, creating the need for controlled studies to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of these preparations in humans.Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of the homeopathic preparation Plumbum metallicum in reducing the blood lead level of workers exposed to this metal.Design: Double-blind randomized trial.Setting: Workers' clinic in the Ajax battery plant, which employs 900 workers with varying degrees of lead exposure in Bauru, São Paulo State, Brazil.Subjects: 131 workers exposed to lead.Intervention: Plumbum metallicum 15cH or placebo, orally for 35 days.Results: the percentage of workers who demonstrated a reduction in lead counts by a percentage greater than or equal to 25% following treatment was the same for both groups: 20.3% in the homeopathic groups versus 21% in the control group [Relative Risk (RR) = 0.95, confidential interval (Cl) 95%: 0.47-1.92)]. Analysis by intention-to-treat also did not show any difference between the groups: 18.2% in the treated group versus 20% in the placebo group (RR = 0.91, Cl 95%: 0.45-1.84).Conclusion: the homeopathic preparation Plumbum metallicum had no effect, in this study, in terms of reducing serum lead in workers exposed to lead. Homeopathy (2011) 100, 116-121.
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    Neurotoxicity and aggressiveness triggered by low-level lead in children: a review
    (Pan Amer Health Organization, 2009-09-01) Olympio, Kelly Polido Kaneshiro; Gonçalves, Claudia; Güenther, Wanda Maria Risso; Bechara, Etelvino José Henriques [UNIFESP]; Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Ctr Extensao Univ; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Lead-induced neurotoxicity acquired by low-level long-term exposure has special relevance for children. A plethora of recent reports has demonstrated a direct link between low-level lead exposure and deficits in the neurobehavioral-cognitive performance manifested from childhood through adolescence. In many studies, aggressiveness and delinquency have also been suggested as symptoms of lead poisoning. Several environmental, occupational and domestic sources of contaminant lead and consequent health risks are largely identified and understood, but the occurrences of lead poisoning remain numerous. There is an urgent need for public health policies to prevent lead poisoning so as to reduce individual and societal damages and losses. In this paper we describe unsuspected sources of contaminant lead, discuss the economic losses and urban violence possibly associated with lead contamination and review the molecular basis of lead-induced neurotoxicity, emphasizing its effects on the social behavior, delinquency and IQ of children and adolescents.
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    Surface dental enamel lead levels and antisocial behavior in Brazilian adolescents
    (Elsevier B.V., 2010-03-01) Olympio, Kelly P. K.; Oliveira, Pedro V.; Naozuka, Juliana; Cardoso, Maria R. A.; Marques, Antonio F.; Guenther, Wanda M. R.; Bechara, Etelvino J. H. [UNIFESP]; Universidade de São Paulo (USP); Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Lead poisoning has been reportedly linked to a high risk of learning disabilities, aggression and criminal offenses. To study the association between lead exposure and antisocial/delinquent behavior, a cross-sectional study was conducted with 173 Brazilian youths aged 14-18 and their parents (n=93), living in impoverished neighborhoods of Bauru-SP, with high criminality indices. Self-Reported Delinquency (SRD) and Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) questionnaires were used to evaluate delinquent/antisocial behavior. Body lead burdens were evaluated in surface dental enamel acid microbiopsies. the dental enamel lead levels (DELL) were quantified by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS) and phosphorus content was measured using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). Logistic regression was used to identify associations between DELL and each scale defined by CBCL and SRD scores. Odd ratios adjusted for familial and social covariates, considering a group of youths exposed to high lead levels (>= 75 percentile), indicated that high DELL is associated with increased risk of exceeding the clinical score for somatic complaints, social problems, rule-breaking behavior and externalizing problems (Cl 95%). High DELL was not found to be associated with elevated SRD scores. in conclusion, our data support the hypothesis that high-level lead exposure can trigger antisocial behavior, which calls for public policies to prevent lead poisoning. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.