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    Interações agudas do chá de ayahuasca com agentes usados em anestesia (propofol e morfina), observadas em modelos animais
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2009-05-27) Pires, Júlia Movilla [UNIFESP]; Amaral, José Luiz Gomes do [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Ayahuasca tea (AYA) is a beverage with psychoactive properties, prepared by the cooking of two plants: Banisteriopsis caapi (Spruce ex Griseb.) C.V. Morton (Malpighiaceae) (stem bark) and the leaves of Psychotria viridis (Ruiz & Pav.) (Rubiaceae). The major hallucinogenic compound present in P. viridis is DMT, but when it is ingested by oral route it is quickly inactivated by MAO-A present in the bowel, which is avoided by the combination of â- carbolines IMAO, present in B. caapi. Despite the constantly increasing use of AYA, there are few studies about the possible interactions produced by this tea in association with other drugs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible interactions between AYA and two other drugs used in anesthesia procedures: morphine and propofol; with doses established from the amount ingested by people in the rituals (equivalent of 120 mg/kg). The doses tested varied from 120 mg/kg (1X or 1 dose), to 2400 mg/kg (20X or 20 doses). Concerning pharmacological screening test (PST), AYA showed some signs of toxicity when administered by ip route (decreased of motor activity, hypersensitivity about stimulus and intense tremor). The oral route was better tolerated than ip. Administration of AYA (1X and 10X) did not interfered with motor coordination in the rota-rod test, but AYA 10X showed a biphasic effect on the motor activity test, because it decreased the initial ambulation (until 30 min), followed by an increase between 2h and 4h. AYA 10X increased the sleeping time induced by hexobarbital, however when AYA was administered 24h before hexobarbital did not occurred any interference in the sleeping time. Concerning grooming, the groups treated with AYA 10X showed a decrease of this signs. Results of association of AYA + morphine on the PST, mice showed Straub tail more intense and durable when compared with morphine group and ataxia and tremor when compared with AYA group. In the test of motor coordination, the group treated with the association of drugs, showed a lower motor activity when compared with the morphine group followed by an increase after 2h when compared to the other groups. The results obtained in hot plate test showed a potencialization of the morphine effects; however these results are not confirmed by abdominal contortions and formalin test. Intestinal transit test did not show any results about interaction. To qualitatively evaluate the effect of the association AYA + propofol in the PST, the data showed a potencialization of tremors induced by AYA more intense and durable. In the rota-rod test was observed a diminishing tendency in the AYA + propofol group. On the sleeping time test, AYA 1X decreased the sleeping time induced by propofol. Therefore, AYA interfered with the propofol effects. In summary, the whole results indicate some association interaction among AYA and morphine and propofol. These interactions were subtle and need proper clinical experimentation to verify its occurrence in humans.