Navegando por Palavras-chave "Individual variability"
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- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Expression of behavioral sensitization to ethanol is increased by energy drink administration(Elsevier B.V., 2013-09-01) Ferreira, Sionaldo Eduardo [UNIFESP]; Abrahao, Karina Possa [UNIFESP]; Souza-Formigoni, Maria Lucia Oliveira de [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Alcohol abuse and dependence are important medical, social and economical problems, affecting millions of people. A relatively recent habit among young people is mixing alcohol with energy drinks (ED), in spite of the risks involved may be higher than those associated with alcohol consumption alone. the mixture of alcohol and energy drinks, both with stimulant properties, may alter the perception of intoxication and could lead individuals to believe they are less drunk and can drink more or for longer periods of time. in animals, the repeated administration of ethanol can lead to a progressive increase of the locomotor stimulant effect, known as behavioral sensitization, a drug-dependent behavioral plasticity associated with vulnerability to addiction. As well as for addiction, there are clear individual differences in the level of sensitization to ethanol among species and even among individuals from the same strain. the present study assessed how ED affects the expression of ethanol sensitization. Female mice chronically treated with ethanol (2.4 g/kg) were classified as low-sensitized or high-sensitized. Two days later, different groups of mice were submitted to saline + water, ethanol + water or ethanol + ED systemic challenges. As expected, only the high-sensitized group expressed clear sensitization after ethanol administration. However, the administration of ethanol + ED triggered the sensitization expression in the low-sensitized group. These data indicate that the combined use of ED and ethanol can potentiate the stimulant and, consequently, the reward effects of ethanol in previously treated mice. If a similar process occurs in human beings, the use of ED can increase the risk of developing alcohol abuse or dependence. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosIndividual differences are critical in determining modafinil-induced behavioral sensitization and cross-sensitization with methamphetamine in mice(Elsevier B.V., 2012-08-01) Soeiro, Aline da Costa [UNIFESP]; Moreira, Karin Di Monteiro [UNIFESP]; Abrahao, Karina Possa [UNIFESP]; Hartmann Quadros, Isabel Marian [UNIFESP]; Menezes Oliveira, Maria Gabriela [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Modafinil is a non-amphetaminic psychostimulant used therapeutically for sleep and psychiatric disorders. However, some studies indicate that modafinil can have addictive properties. the present study examined whether modafinil can produce behavioral sensitization in mice, an experience and drug-dependent behavioral adaptation, and if individual differences play a role in this process. We further tested context-related factors and cross-sensitization between modafinil and methamphetamine. Important individual differences in the behavioral sensitization of Swiss Albino mice were observed after repeated administration of 50 mg/kg modafinil (Experiment 1), or 1 mg/kg methamphetamine (Experiment 2). Only mice classified as sensitized subgroup developed clear behavioral sensitization to the drugs. After a withdrawal period, mice received challenges of modafinil (Experiment 1), or methamphetamine (Experiment 2) and locomotor activity was evaluated in the activity cages (previous context) and in the open field arena (new context) in order to evaluate the context dependency of behavioral sensitization. the expression of sensitization to modafinil, but not to methamphetamine, was affected by contextual testing conditions, since modafinil-sensitized mice only expressed sensitization in the activity cage, but not in the open field. Subsequently, locomotor cross-sensitization between methamphetamine and modafinil was assessed by challenging modafinil-pretreated mice with 1 mg/kg methamphetamine (Experiment 1), and methamphetamine-pretreated mice with 50 mg/kg modafinil (Experiment 2). We observed a symmetrical cross-sensitization between the drugs only in those mice that were classified as sensitized subgroup. Our findings indicate that repeated exposure to modafinil induces behavioral sensitization only in some animals by similar neurobiological, but not contextual, mechanisms to those. of methamphetamine. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosIndividual differences to repeated ethanol administration may predict locomotor response to other drugs, and vice versa(Elsevier B.V., 2009-02-11) Abrahao, Karina Possa [UNIFESP]; Hartmann Quadros, Isabel Marian [UNIFESP]; Oliveira Souza-Formigoni, Maria Lucia [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Repeated administration of drugs may induce adaptations which affect the behavioral responses to the drug itself or to other drugs. Whether individual characteristics to repeated drug administration predict sensitivity to the effects of another drug is not clear. We evaluated whether or not mice that present higher vs. lower locomotor response after repeated treatment with ethanol display increased or decreased locomotor responses when challenged with methamphetamine or morphine, and vice versa. Mice received daily i.p. 2.2 g/kg ethanol (21 days), 1.0 mg/kg methamphetamine or 10 mg/kg morphine (10 days). According to the response presented during repeated drug treatment, mice were classified as HIGH or LOW activity groups. Locomotor activity was monitored after mice were challenged with saline, and 48 h later with a drug. Ethanol-treated mice were challenged with methamphetamine or morphine, methamphetamine- and morphine-treated animals were challenged with ethanol. After repeated treatment with ethanol or methamphetamine, locomotor sensitization was observed only in HIGH mice, not LOW mice. Ethanol-treated mice with HIGH activity showed sensitized, increased locomotor responses to methamphetamine (p<0.05), but not to morphine. Locomotor responses to ethanol were not affected by a previous history of methamphetamine treatment. Although repeated administration of morphine failed to induce sensitization, morphine-treated mice with HIGH activity presented sensitized locomotor responses after an ethanol challenge. the current experiments confirm important individual differences in response to repeated administration of ethanol, methamphetamine and morphine, which in some cases affected the locomotor response to a second drug challenge, in an asymmetrical pattern. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.