Navegando por Palavras-chave "Iluminação"

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    Celebração Iluminada : Uma história da iluminação pública da cidade de São Paulo por meio de seus artefatos (1899-1929)
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2014) Francesquini, Maria Sueli de Camargo [UNIFESP]; Atique, Fernando [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8425420305118490; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    The present paper aims to study the cultural heritage through an artifact of public lighting: the light poles installed in São Paulo since the beginning of the twentieth century. The intention is to compose a trajectory of these artifacts, firstly aproaching the history of an energy source introduced in Brazil in the late nineteenth century - the electric light - and the journey of the company Light and Power Co. Ltd. in the city of São Paulo.
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    O efeito da iluminação ambiental na atividade, no repouso e no nível de melatonina urinária de puérperas hospitalizadas.
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2019-09-26) Volcov, Cristina Furtado [UNIFESP]; Coca, Kelly Pereira [UNIFESP]; Pinheiro, Eliana Moreira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0313695891816024; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8167230363189115; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6547980567614545; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Introduction: Woman's organism undergoes physiological changes in the postpartum mediate. Changes on activity and rest may be increased by the need for exposure to artificial lighting at nighttime due to the care of the newborn. Objectives: To verify the effect of artificial ambient lighting on the activity, rest and urinary melatonin level of hospitalized postpartum women. Method: Pilot clinical trial with 21 postpartum women admitted to a rooming-in unit of a university hospital in São Paulo. Women with the following characteristics were included: aged ≥18 years, single pregnancy and ≥12 hours after delivery; without a history of psychiatric diseases, use of illicit drugs during pregnancy, thyroid disorders and/or sleep and night work in the last three years; whose child was born at term, healthy and was breastfeeding. Excluded were those with: blindness, obstetric complications and under use of medications (beta-blocker, diuretics, corticosteroids and/or central nervous system depressors) in the last 72 hours. The women were randomized to control and experimental groups. The intervention consisted on the exposure of the women to long wavelength light illumination during nighttime when they were hospitalized in a specific room with controlled environment lighting. The experimental room was prepared for exposure to the experiment’s artificial lighting. Women's characterization data were identified to assess group homogeneity by interview. The variables related to activity and rest were obtained from actimeter records, and the level of 6-sulfatoxymelatonin was identified by the Elisa Method after 24-hour urine collecting. Results: The control and experimental groups studied were homogeneous. Women in the experimental group had longer resting time at 24 hours; however, the total mean activity and rest were not statistically significant when compared to those in the control group (p=0.61 and p=0.57 respectively). Regarding the level of 6-sulfatoxymelatonin, the mean excreted was higher during the daytime in the experimental group and at night in the control group, with no significant difference (p=0.13 and p=0.13 respectively). The percentage of total load excreted in 24 hours was lower in the experimental group (p=0.04). Conclusion: The artificial illumination of the long wavelength environment did not interfere with the activity, rest and urinary melatonin level of hospitalized postpartum women. The average time of night rest of women hospitalized in rooming-in was considered adequate.
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    Efeito da pinealectomia e/ou iluminação continua no número de corpos lúteos, ovócitos e na implantação em ratas albinas
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2004) Teixeira, Alvaro Aguiar Coelho [UNIFESP]; Simôes, Manuel de Jesus [UNIFESP]
    Neste trabalho avaliamos os aspectos morfológicos e quantitativos dos sítios de implantações em úteros de ratas pinealectomizadas submetidas à iluminação constante. Os grupos experimentais foram: Grupo I ratas normais mantidas em ciclo claro/escuro de 12112 horas, durante dois meses, acasaladas em seguida e eutanasiadas no 6º dia de prenhez; (controle); Grupo II -ratas sham-pinealectomízadas mantidas em ciclo claro/escuro de 12/12 horas, durante dois meses, acasaladas em seguida e eutanasiadas no 6º dia de prenhez (controle); Grupo III - ratas pinealectomizadas, mantidas em ciclo claro/escuro de 12/12 horas, durante dois meses, acasaladas em seguida e eutanasiadas no 6º dia de prenhez; Grupo IV - ratas normais mantidas em iluminação constante durante dois meses, acasaladas em seguida e eutanasiadas no 6º dia de prenhez; Grupo V -ratas sham-pinealectomizadas, mantidas em iluminação constante durante dois meses, acasaladas em seguida e eutanasiadas no 6º dia de prenhez; Grupo VI - ratas pinealectomizadas, mantidas em iluminação constante durante dois meses, acasaladas em seguida e eutanasiadas no 6º dia de prenhez. A análise estatística das médias dos sítios de implantações mostrou que houve diferença significativa, onde os grupos III, IV, V e VI diferiram dos grupos I e II, os quais apresentaram as maiores médias. Os grupos III, IV, V e VI não diferiram entre si. A análise morfológica dos sítios nos grupos controles revelou a presença de pequenas lacunas contendo sangue, além de células trofoblasticas intermediárias, gigantes e alguns citotrofoblastos poliplóides. Nos grupos III, IV, V e VI evidenciou-se lacunas bem desenvolvidas nos sítios, com trofoblastos intermediários, citotrofoblastos com alto grau de poliploidia e sinciciotrofoblastos. Concluímos que a pinealectomia, a iluminação constante ou associação desses fatores levam a uma redução do número de blastocistos implantados em ratas, apesar de estimular o desenvolvimento desses sítios indicando assim que a melatonina pode ter importante função na viabilidade de implantação do blastocisto nesses animais.
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    Iluminação no ambiente de trabalho para melhora do humor e alerta em trabalhadores diurnos: revisão sistemática
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2019-01-31) Pachito, Daniela Vianna [UNIFESP]; Riera, Rachel [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0591884301805680; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1220937243637085; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Background: Exposure to light plays a crucial role in biological processes, influencing mood and alertness. Daytime workers may be exposed to insufficient or inappropriate light during daytime, leading to mood disturbances and decreases in levels of alertness. Objectives: To assess the effectiveness and safety of lighting interventions to improve alertness and mood in daytime workers. Methods: We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE, Embase, seven other databases; Clinical-Trials.gov and the World Health Organization trials portal up to January 2018. We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs), and non-randomized controlled before-after trials (CBAs) that employed a crossover or parallel-group design, focusing on any type of lighting interventions applied for daytime workers. Two review authors independently screened references in two stages, extracted outcome data and assessed risk of bias. We used standardized mean differences (SMDs) and 95%confidence intervals (CI) to pool data from different questionnaires and scales assessing the same outcome across different studies. We combined clinically homogeneous studies in a meta-analysis. We used the GRADE system to rate quality of evidence. Results: The search yielded 2844 references. After screening titles and abstracts, we considered 34 full text articles for inclusion. We scrutinized reports against the eligibility criteria, resulting in the inclusion of five studies (three RCTs and two CBAs) with 282 participants altogether. These studies evaluated four types of comparisons: cool-white light, technically known as high correlated color temperature (CCT) light versus standard illumination; different proportions of indirect and direct light; individually applied blue-enriched light versus no treatment; and individually applied morning bright light versus afternoon bright light for subsyndromal seasonal affective disorder. We found no studies comparing one level of illuminance versus another. We found two CBA studies (163 participants) comparing high CCT light with standard illumination. By pooling their results via meta-analysis, we found that high CCT light may improve alertness (SMD −0.69, 95% CI −1.28 to −0.10; Columbia Jet Lag Scale and the Karolinska Sleepiness Scale) when compared to standard illumination. In one of the two CBA studies with 94 participants there was no difference in positive mood (mean difference (MD) 2.08, 95% CI −0.1 to 4.26) or negative mood (MD −0.45, 95% CI −1.84 to 0.94) assessed using the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) scale. High CCT light may have fewer adverse events than standard lighting (one CBA; 94 participants). Both studies were sponsored by the industry. We graded the quality of evidence as very low. We found one RCT (64 participants) comparing the effects of different proportions of direct and indirect light: 100% direct lighting, 70% direct lighting plus 30% indirect lighting, 30% direct lighting plus 70% indirect lighting and 100% indirect lighting. There was no substantial difference in mood, as assessed by the Beck Depression Inventory, or in adverse events, such as ocular, reading or concentration problems, in the short or medium term. We graded the quality of evidence as low. We found two RCTs comparing individually administered light versus no treatment. According to one RCT with 25 participants, blue-enriched light individually applied for 30 minutes a day may enhance alertness (MD −3.30, 95% CI −6.28 to −0.32; Epworth Sleepiness Scale) and may improve mood (MD −4.8, 95% CI −9.46 to −0.14; Beck Depression Inventory). We graded the quality of evidence as very low. One RCT with 30 participants compared individually applied morning bright light versus afternoon bright light for subsyndromal seasonal affective disorder. There was no substantial difference in alertness levels (MD 7.00, 95% CI −10.18 to 24.18), seasonal affective disorder symptoms (RR 1.60, 95% CI 0.81, 3.20; number of participants presenting with a decrease of at least 50% in SIGH-SAD scores) or frequency of adverse events (RR 0.53, 95% CI 0.26 to 1.07). Among all participants, 57% had a reduction of at least 50% in their SIGH-SAD score. We graded the quality of evidence as low. Publication bias could not be assessed for any of these comparisons. Conclusions: There is very low-quality evidence based on two CBA studies that high CCT light may improve alertness, but not mood, in daytime workers. There is very low-quality evidence based on one CBA study that high CCT light may also cause less irritability, eye discomfort and headache than standard illumination. There is low-quality evidence based on one RCT that different proportions of direct and indirect light in the workplace do not affect alertness or mood. There is very low-quality evidence based on one RCT that individually applied blue-enriched light improves both alertness and mood. There is low-quality evidence based on one RCT that individually administered bright light during the afternoon is as effective as morning exposure for improving alertness and mood in subsyndromal seasonal affective disorder.
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    O Moderno Na Iluminação Elétrica Em Berlim Nos Anos 1920
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2017-12-11) Varolli, Renan De Andrade [UNIFESP]; Baumgarten, Jens Michael [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    This thesis analyzes electric lighting in Berlin in 1920’s. The work starts from industrially produced objects for usufruct and circulation among the masses, such as buildings, advertising pieces and films, with the aim of understanding modernity’s features on this metropolis then. In the course of the text, it is approached as well tensions and connections between art and industry, relations that some times accompanied modern, modernism and modernization, correlative concepts of modernity. Having a background of contrasts and contradictions in Germany’s capital during the period of its history known as Weimar Republic (1919-1923), it is attempted to draw how theoretical-historiographic reappraisal of artistics and cultural programs regarded as decadent could be succeeded by technological progress.