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    Efetividade de intervenção educativa para prevenção de infecções do trato urinário de idosos institucionalizados
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2020-06-25) Silva, Joao Luis Almeida Da [UNIFESP]; Barbosa, Dulce Aparecida [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo
    Objectives: the objectives were to analyze the effectiveness of educational intervention with nursing professionals and caregivers to prevent urinary tract infections in institutionalized elderly; compare prevalence rates and associated risk factors; to verify the knowledge of the nursing staff and caregivers about signs, symptoms, risk factors, treatment and preventive measures before and after educational intervention. Methods: a quasi-experimental study carried out at a Long- Term Care Facility for the Elderly from July 2018 to July 2019 in a municipality in southern Bahia. The prevalence profile was carried out with 116 elderly people. An instrument was used for clinical evaluation of the elderly and risk factors were collected from medical records. Urine I and urine culture were collected for laboratory analysis before and after the educational intervention. The educational intervention was carried out with 20 professionals (07 from the nursing team and 13 caregivers of the elderly), organized in 4 groups. A self-administered structured questionnaire was applied in the pre-intervention period, educational intervention was carried out through 6 thematic workshops per group of professionals, reapplication of the questionnaire 6 months after the intervention. Results: the prevalence of urinary tract infection in the pre-intervention period was 33.62%. The associated factors were: female gender; use of diapers and diuretics; urinary and fecal incontinence; type 1 diabetes; benign prostatic hyperplasia and dehydration (p <0.05). It was shown that dehydration increased the chance of developing the infection by 40 times. The isolated uropathogens were all gram-negative, the most prevalent were Escherichia coli (69.2%) with good sensitivity to antimicrobials and Klebsiella Pneumoniae (20.6%) with more variable sensitivity and resistance. After the educational intervention, the prevalence of urinary tract infection decreased to 20%; the risk factors for dehydration and prolonged use of diapers were no longer associated with the condition; the most prevalent microorganisms remained. The average number of correct answers by the nursing team and caregivers, after educational intervention, increased from pre to post-test by 52% in relation to signs of urinary infection, 32% in relation to symptoms, 72.5% treatment, and 40 % on personal / behavioral and morbidity-related risk factors, 59% on conditional factors and 43.8% on preventive measures. The team of caregivers showed a greater gain in knowledge compared to the nursing team in almost all questions (p <0.05). The length of care with the elderly did not present a positive correlation with any variable (R <1; p> 0.05). Conclusion: the educational intervention was effective in producing knowledge acquisition by the nursing staff and caregivers, provided a reduction in the rate of urinary tract infections in the elderly and altered the association of the most prevalent modifiable factors in the chance of developing this type of infection.