Navegando por Palavras-chave "Helicobacter infection"

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    Decrease in prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection during a 10-year period in Brazilian children
    (Instituto Brasileiro de Estudos e Pesquisas de Gastroenterologia - IBEPEGE Colégio Brasileiro de Cirurgia Digestiva - CBCD Sociedade Brasileira de Motilidade Digestiva - SBMD Federação Brasileira de Gastroenterologia - FBGSociedade Brasileira de Hepatologia - SBHSociedade Brasileira de Endoscopia Digestiva - SOBED, 2008-06-01) Kawakami, Elisabete [UNIFESP]; Machado, Rodrigo Strehl [UNIFESP]; Ogata, Silvio Kazuo [UNIFESP]; Langner, Marini [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    BACKGROUND: Decreasing prevalence of H pylori infection has been reported in some countries. AIM: To evaluate the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in a 10-year period in children submitted to upper digestive endoscopy. METHODS: It was a retrospective observational study. The records of 1,165 endoscopies performed during a 10-year period in a public hospital of the City of São Paulo, SP, Brazil, in patients up to 18-year-old. Only the first endoscopy was considered. Helicobacter pylori infection was defined by the rapid urease test, performed with one fragment of antral mucosa. Chi-square for trend has been estimated to compare Helicobacter pylori prevalence across the period. RESULTS: The main indication for endoscopy was epigastric pain (47.4%). There were 392 patients with H pylori infection (33.6%), 12.8% being infants, 19.4% toddlers, 28.8% schoolchildren and 46.3% adolescents. Prevalence was 60.47% in the first year of the study and 30.43% in the last. Among the less than 6-year-old patients there was a decrease in infection prevalence from 25% for the 1993-6 period to 14.3% in the 2000-02 period, while among the over 12-year-old patients the decrease was from 55.5% in the first period to 39.6% in the latter. The decrease in H pylori infection prevalence was more intense within patients with epigastric pain, in which prevalence has decreased from 48.2% (92/191) in 1993-6, to 41.9% (65/155) in 1997-9 and 27.7% (57/206) in 2000-02. CONCLUSION: The study suggests a significant decrease in the prevalence of H pylori infection regarding the studied patients. The trend was mainly observed in the younger age group and in patients with epigastric pain.
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    Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori Infection by Means of Reduced-Dose C-13-Urea Breath Test and Early Sampling of Exhaled Breath
    (Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2013-11-01) Pacheco, Sylmara L. M. [UNIFESP]; Ogata, Silvio Kazuo [UNIFESP]; Machado, Rodrigo S. [UNIFESP]; Silva Patricio, Francy Reis da [UNIFESP]; Pardo, Mario L. E. [UNIFESP]; Kawakami, Elisabete [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Objective:The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of reduced-dose C-13-urea breath test (C-13-UBT) and early sampling of exhaled breath for the detection of Helicobacter pylori infection in children and adolescents.Methods:Patients up to 20 years old that underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy with gastric biopsies were included. the C-13-UBT was performed after a 4-hour fasting period with 4 points of collection: baseline (T-0), and at 10, 20, and 30 minutes (T-10, T-20, and T-30) after ingestion of 25 mg C-13-urea diluted in 100 mL of apple juice. the infection status was defined through 3 invasive methods, and a patient was considered infected with a positive culture or concomitant positive histology and rapid urease test. the absence of infection was defined by all negative histology, rapid urease test, and culture. Analysis of exhaled breath samples was performed with an isotope-selective infrared spectrometer. A receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis was done to define cutoff delta over baseline (DOB) values.Results:A total of 129 patients between the ages of 2.1 and 19 years (median 11.6 years; mean agestandard deviation 11.5 +/- 3.8 years; F:M 85:44) were included. the prevalence of infection was 41.1%. the sensitivity (S) and specificity (Sp) were at T-10 (cutoff DOB 2.55 parts per thousand), S 94.7% (95% confidence interval [CI] 90.9-98.5) and Sp 96.8% (95% CI 93.4-100); at T-20 (DOB 2.5 parts per thousand), S 96.2% (95% CI 92.9-99.5) and Sp 96.1% (95% CI 93.7-99.8); and at T-30 (DOB 1.6 parts per thousand), S 96.2% (95% CI 92.9-99.5) and Sp 94.7% (95% CI 90.8-98.6).Conclusions:Low-dose C-13-UBT with early sampling is accurate for diagnosing H pylori infection in children and adolescents.