Navegando por Palavras-chave "Gut Microbiota"

Agora exibindo 1 - 3 de 3
  • Imagem de Miniatura
    Item
    Acesso aberto (Open Access)
    Influência Do Coacervado De Proteínas Do Soro Do Leite E Galactooligossacarídeo Na Resposta Inflamatória, Perfil Dos Fosfolipídeos E Microbiota Intestinal Em Camundongos Com Obesidade Induzida Por Dieta
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2018-07-12) Amaral, Juliane Suzuki [UNIFESP]; Esposito, Elisa [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Whey protein products such as Coacervate whey protein (Coa), galactooligosaccharide (Gos) and both associated (COAG) were tested in mice fed with a high fat diet to verify changes on enterocyte structural lipid profile, inflammation and intestinal microbiota composition during obesity. Males C57BL/6 were fed normolipid and high fat diets, divided into five experimental groups: 1) Normolipid control (Nwater), 2) High fat control (HFwater), 3) High fat + Coa (HFCoa), 4) High fat + Gos (HFGos) and 5) High fat Coa + Gos (HFCOAG), for 16 weeks treatment. Stool samples were collected at the end of the experiment and frozen in cryotubes for metagenomic analysis. The intestine was divided in: duodenum, cecum and colon, frozen in cryotubes until the processing data for cytokine dosage, evaluation of TLR4 protein and the main classes of fatty acid profile: phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and sphingomyelin (SM). The biometric data showed that HFCoa and HFCOAG groups maintained the same body mass gain as normolipid control, but only HFCOAG decreased adiposity and energy efficiency compared HFwater. The different diets changed the gut microbiota. Among treatments, the composition of the HFCOAG gut microbiota was closer to normolipid control group showing high percentages of dissimilarity for healthy state bacteria such as Lachnospiracea and Porphyromonas and the taxon RF39 as microbial signature. HFCoa group showed the best anti-inflamatory activity in the cecum (IL / 10 / TNFα). HFGos group decreased IL-1β with concomitant high levels of IFNγ, which correlated positively with Bilophila genus suggesting an influence of this taxon on IFNγ production. The percentage of vaccenic acid (18: 1n7) in the SM class of colon membrane increased in all treatments showing its possible relation with lipid raft instability on TLR4 activation. TLR4 receptors showed no difference in its expression, but changes on its activation is inferred since a decrease of the IL-6 was observed in this tissue. HFCOAG treatment increased vaccenic and myristoleic acid (14: 1n9) in SM class demonstrating correlations with an improvement of anti-inflammatory activity in colon. The increase of vaccenic acid was correlated to the Mogibacteriacea taxon. HFGos treatment increased palmitoleic acid (16: 1n7) in PC class, which was negatively correlated with an anti-inflammatory activity in colon. In general, there was a clear diet influence that directly promotes changes in gut microbiota profile and alters metabolic response during obesity as consequence. COAG showed the best preventive response among treatments in this research, but more studies are necessary to evaluate other metabolic aspects in different tissues and on the development of this compound that may be used as a prophylactic against obesity in the future.
  • Imagem de Miniatura
    Item
    Acesso aberto (Open Access)
    Nutritionists' health study cohort: a web-based approach of life events, habits and health outcomes
    (Hindawi Ltd, 2016) Dias Folchetti, Luciana Gavilan; da Silva, Isis Tande; de Almeida-Pititto, Bianca [UNIFESP]; Ferreira, Sandra Roberta G.
    Introduction: Non-communicable chronic diseases (NCCDs) represent a burden for public health. Alongside the established cardiometabolic risk factors such as high blood pressure and disorders of glucose and lipid metabolism, living habits and nutritional status at different stages of life are seen as contributors to this scenario. Gut microbiota composition and subclinical inflammation have been pointed out as underlying mechanisms of NCCDs. Studies involving health professionals have brought relevant contributions to the knowledge about risk factors. Technological advances facilitate data collection and analysis for big samples. A web-based survey addressed to collect data from a cohort study, which is able to identify NCCDs risk factors, is highly desirable. The objective of the Brazilian Nutritionists' Health Study (NutriHS) is to gather online information on early life events, daily habits, emergent cardiometabolic risk factors and health outcomes of a specific subset of the Brazilian population. Methods and analysis: NutriHS, developed at the School of Public Health-University of Sao Paulo, Brazil, is a research initiative that enrols undergraduates of nutrition courses from Brazilian universities and graduated volunteers. A web-based self-administered system was designed to collect health-related data. After fulfilling online questionnaires (socioeconomic, early life events and lifestyle data), participants are invited to a clinical visit for physical examination and laboratory procedures (blood sampling, faeces collection and body composition). At a 3-year interval, they will be invited to repeat similar procedures. Ethics and dissemination: The NutriHS research protocol was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee and is providing promising data which contribute to the understanding of pathophysiological links between early life events, body composition, gut microbiota, and inflammatory and metabolic risk profile. The combination of a friendly tool with the innovative purposes of NutriHS offers a remarkable resource for testing hypotheses about mechanisms of nutrition-related diseases and further planning of preventive programmes in public health.
  • Nenhuma Miniatura disponível
    Item
    Somente Metadadados
    Suplementação de juçara (euterpe edulis mart.) Na remodelação da microbiota intestinal, dos parâmetros metabólicos e do estado inflamatório na obesidade
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2019-08-28) Gois, Giovana Jamar De Queiroz [UNIFESP]; Pisani, Luciana Pellegrini [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Background: The evidence that the gut microbiota composition may differ between healthy and obese individuals has raised interest in understanding the role of it as an intermediary factor between dietary habits and the pathophysiology of obesity and its comorbidities. Polyphenols-rich fruits and unsaturated fatty acids can reach both obesity and local and systemic low-grade chronic inflammation, besides manipulate bacterial community, improving metabolic functions in humans and animal models of obesity. In this sense, juçara has been considered a "superfruit" due to its nutritional composition and relevant biological activities with interesting response in animals. However, the contribution of this fruit to human physiology remains unknown. Aim: To analyze the effects of juçara supplementation on metabolic and inflammatory parameters, on the composition of gut bacterial species and on short chain fatty acid (SCFA) production in obesity. Methods: This double-blind randomized trial enrolled 35 obese subjects (body mass index - BMI 30 to 39.9 kg/m2) of both sexes aged 31-59 years. They were evaluated for resting metabolic rate (indirect calorimetry); anthropometry (weight, height, BMI, neck and waist circumferences, and waist-toheight ratio); body composition (bioimpedance); blood pressure; food intake (3-day food record); metabolic parameters (TAG, TC, HDL-c, LDL-c, glucose, insulin, and LPS); inflammatory markers (PAI-1, leptin and adiponectin); gut bacteria (qPCR); fecal SCFA (gas chromatography). Subsequently, they were randomized into 2 groups for use or not (placebo) of supplementation with 5 g dry juçara for 6 weeks and reassessed. Results: In metabolism, juçara supplementation was effective in reducing body fat (p = 0.051) and increasing HDL-c (p = 0.046), in addition to doubling serum adiponectin concentration (p = 0.048). Supplementation, HDL-c and neck circumference were predictors for explaining adiponectin increase, regardless of age, gender and body composition. The rise of HDL-c (β = 0.527) favored better adiponectin levels, and supplementation (r2 = 0.477) was crucial for these results. In the intestinal microbiota, there was a significant increase in acetate (g = 0.809; p = 0.038) and in relative abundance of A. muciniphila, Bifidobacterium spp. and C. coccoides in response to juçara supplementation (239.6%, 182.6% and 214%, respectively), with emphasis on the bifidogenic effect as a mediator for stool acetate production (z = 2.925; p = 0.003); showing the prebiotic potential of juçara from the adjustment for total fiber intake. All xresults were independent of food intake. Conclusion: Juçara showed antiinflammatory properties and prebiotic function, contributing to the balance of intestinal microbiota. This supplementation can be considered a new strategy for treating obesity.