Navegando por Palavras-chave "Farmacoepidemiologia"
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- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Analysis of antimicrobials' consumption profile in a University Hospital of Western Paraná, Brazil(Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, 2009-06-01) Caldeira, Luciane de Fátima [UNIFESP]; Burattini, Marcelo Nascimento [UNIFESP]; State University of Western Paraná Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Hospital Pharmacy; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)The objective of this study was to analyze the variation in antimicrobials' consumption and the costs related to their use at a University Hospital between 1999 and 2004. The annual consumption of nine antimicrobials, expressed in DDD/100 patients-day, and the direct costs with their acquisition were evaluated. Analysis of variance and regression techniques were used to compare data, considering a significance level of 5%. The most consumed antimicrobials were amikacin and ceftriaxone. In general, antimicrobials consumption, expressed in DDD/100 patients-day, increased from 9.21 in 1999 to 25.08 in 2004 (p<0.0001). When analyzing antimicrobial consumption as related to specific hospital units, the ICU showed the highest consumption followed by Chemotherapy and Medical Clinical units, respectively. In addition, the number of patients-day increased from 2671/month in 1999 to 3502/month in 2004, p<0.0001. As a consequence, total expenditure with antimicrobials increased from R$ 98.89 per 100 patients-day in 1999 to R$ 731.26 in 2004, p<0.0001. Between 1999 and 2004 significant increases in both consumption and financial expenditure with antimicrobials were observed.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Analysis of prescription and dispensation of psychotropic medications in two cities in the State of São Paulo, Brazil(Associação Brasileira de Psiquiatria - ABP, 2002-06-01) Noto, Ana Regina [UNIFESP]; Carlini, Elisaldo Araujo [UNIFESP]; Mastroianni, Patrícia C [UNIFESP]; Alves, Vanete C [UNIFESP]; Galduróz, José Carlos Fernandes [UNIFESP]; Kuroiwa, Wagner; Csizmar, Jussara; Costa, Agrimeron; Faria, Mariluci de A; Hidalgo, Sônia Regina; Assis, Dirce de; Nappo, Solange Aparecida [UNIFESP]; Brazilian Information Center on Psychotropic Drugs; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)OBJECTIVES: To investigate the prescription and dispensation of psychotropic medications through the analysis of the prescriptions/notices kept at various institutions in two cities in the state of São Paulo. METHODS: The prescriptions kept at drugstores, magistral pharmacies, primary care settings and hospitals were collected and analyzed in collaboration with the Sanitary Vigilance agencies in the year of 1999. The information in the prescriptions/notices were typed and tabulated. RESULTS: A total of 108,215 prescriptions were processed, being 76,954 for benzodiazepines, 26,930 for anorexigenic drugs, 3,540 for opiates and 788 for other drugs. The benzodiazepines most frequently prescribed were: diazepam (31,644), bromazepam (16,911) and clonazepam (7,929). Among the anorexigenic drugs, diethylpropion (14,800) and femproporex (10,942) were the most common. When compared to men, women were given more prescriptions, mainly for anorexigenic drugs: the ratio was 10:1 in the prescriptions for diethylpropion and femproporex. The few magistral pharmacies (n=6) handled even more prescriptions than did the drugstores (n=49). A number of errors and inconsistencies were detected in the prescriptions analyzed. CONCLUSIONS: The results confirm the occurrence of an irrational use of such medications and a series of inadequate practices related to their prescription in Brazil. Therefore, they point out to the need of a comprehensive review of the government's control system of these substances.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosPadrao de uso de medicamentos em idosos residentes na comunidade urbana: a importancia da polimedicacao (projeto epidoso)(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2000) Garcia, Jacqueline Takayanagi [UNIFESP]
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Perfil de utilização de medicamentos por idosos em área urbana do Nordeste do Brasil(Faculdade de Saúde Pública da Universidade de São Paulo, 2004-08-01) Coelho Filho, João Macêdo; Marcopito, Luiz Francisco [UNIFESP]; Castelo Filho, Adauto [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal do Ceará Faculdade de Medicina; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)OBJECTIVE: To identify medication use patterns among elderly people residing in areas with different socioeconomic status in the city of Fortaleza, Brazil. METHODS: A total of 668 elderly (aged 60 years or older) residing in the city of Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil, selected from a multistage random sampling stratified by socioeconomic status (higher, intermediate, and lower areas), were interviewed in a household survey. Descriptive statistics for dichotomous variables were presented as percent of the respective totals, and those for continuous variables as mean ± SD. Multivariate analyses were performed to identify factors associated with the use of prescription, non-prescription and inappropriate) drugs. RESULTS: Most (80.3% in the hgiher area) were on at least one non- prescription drug. More than one third (37.4%) were on at least one non- prescription drug and nearly 20% used at least one inappropriate in the lower area. PD use was associated with advanced age (OR=1.7, 95% CI=1.1-2.8); male sex (OR=0.5, 95% CI=0.3-0.7); health service visits (OR=2.5, 95% CI=1.9-3.1); chronic diseases (OR=4.0, 95% CI=2.5-6.2); and higher socioeconomic status (OR=2.0, 95% CI=1.5-2.6).Non- prescription drug use was associated with disability (OR=1.5, 95% CI=1.1-2.2), and higher socioeconomic status (OR=0.6; 95% CI=0.5-0.8). Inappropriate drugs use was mainly associated with male sex (OR=0.4, 95% CI=0.2-0.8); chronic diseases (OR=2.0, 95% CI=1.2-3.3); and higher socioeconomic status (OR=0.7, 95% CI=0.5-0.9). CONCLUSIONS: The proportions of elderly using prescription, non- prescription and inappropriate drugs were remarkable and inequalities were seen particularly among those from different socioeconomic status. These results emphasize the need for strategies to optimize the access and rationalize the use of drugs for elderly people in Brazil.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Recreational use of benzydamine as a hallucinogen among street youth in Brazil(Associação Brasileira de Psiquiatria - ABP, 2009-09-01) Opaleye, Emérita Sátiro [UNIFESP]; Noto, Ana Regina [UNIFESP]; Sanchez, Zila van der Meer [UNIFESP]; Moura, Yone Gonçalves de [UNIFESP]; Galduróz, José Carlos Fernandes [UNIFESP]; Carlini, Elisaldo Araujo [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)OBJECTIVE: To describe the recreational use of benzydamine, an anti-inflammatory drug, among street youth in Brazil. METHOD: Design: a descriptive, cross sectional survey. Setting: 93 welfare services for the street youth in 27 Brazilian capitals. Participants: 2807 street youth, 10 to 18 years old. Main outcome measures: demographic characteristics, drug use pattern (lifetime use, use in the past 30 days, frequency, and characteristics of use in the past month) and effects of benzydamine through the use of a questionnaire. RESULTS: 78 reported lifetime recreational benzydamine use (67 cases identified only in three capitals). Among the 30 respondents reporting drug use in the last month (the month preceding the survey), 66.7% (n = 20) used the drug on 4 or more days (in the month preceding the survey). The most frequently (50%) pleasure effects reported were hallucination and nonspecific sensory changes described as trips. Unwanted effects were reported by 75% of respondents, they were especially nausea and vomiting (21.4%). In the majority of the cases, drug was obtained from drugstores without a medical prescription. CONCLUSION: This study identifies the recreational use of benzydamine among street youth, mainly in the Northeast of Brazil, and also indicates the need for special controls on the dispensation of this substance.