Navegando por Palavras-chave "Epidemiologic methods"

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    Hierarchy of evidence relating to hand surgery in Brazilian orthopedic journals
    (Associação Paulista de Medicina - APM, 2011-03-01) Moraes, Vinícius Ynoe de [UNIFESP]; Belloti, Joao Carlos [UNIFESP]; Moraes, Fábio Ynoe de; Galbiatti, José Antonio; Palácio, Evandro Pereira; Santos, João Baptista Gomes dos [UNIFESP]; Faloppa, Flávio [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Faculdade Estadual de Medicina de Marília; Faculdade Estadual de Medicina de Marília Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology
    CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: There is no systematic assessment of the quality of scientific production in the specialty of hand surgery in our setting. This study aimed to systematically assess the status of evidence generation relating to hand surgery and to evaluate the reproducibility of the classification method based on an evidence pyramid. DESIGN AND SETTING: Secondary study conducted at Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) and Faculdade Estadual de Medicina de Marília (Famema). METHODS: Two researchers independently conducted an electronic database search for hand surgery studies published between 2000 and 2009 in the two main Brazilian orthopedic journals (Acta Ortopédica Brasileira and Revista Brasileira de Ortopedia). The studies identified were subsequently classified according to methodological design (systematic review of the literature, randomized clinical trial, cohort study, case-control study, case series and other studies) and evidence level (I to V). RESULTS: A total of 1,150 articles were evaluated, and 83 (7.2%) were included in the final analysis. Studies with evidence level IV (case series) accounted for 41 (49%) of the published papers. Studies with evidence level V (other studies) accounted for 12 (14.5%) of the papers. Only two studies (2.4%) were ranked as level I or II. The inter-rater reproducibility was excellent (k = 0.94). CONCLUSIONS: Hand surgery articles corresponded to less than one tenth of Brazilian orthopedic production. Studies with evidence level IV were the commonest type. The reproducibility of the classification stratified by evidence level was almost perfect.
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    Método de captura e recaptura: nova metodologia para pesquisas epidemiológicas
    (Faculdade de Saúde Pública da Universidade de São Paulo, 1994-12-01) Dunn, John [UNIFESP]; Andreoli, Sergio Baxter [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Although capture-recapture method is not new, their use in epidemiological studies has so far been limited. The method was developed by animal ecologists to estimate the size of various species populations, but in recent years it has been used to measure the incidence and prevalence of a variety of non-communicable diseases. Capture-recapture allows more accurate estimates to be made than is the case with traditional methods and is more cost-effective. The method is ideally suited to studying rare or elusive populations, such as intravenous drug misusers; but they are highly adaptable and have been used to study populations as diverse as street working prostitutes and the human red-cell volume. The objectives of this review are to explain the mathematical theory behind capture-recapture, give examples of its use and application in clinical epidemiology and out line some of the modifications that have been made to the theory, which take into account the complex nature of samples used in clinical research. An increasing number of medical epidemoilogists have started to use the method, and its potencial for future epidemiological research is enormous.