Navegando por Palavras-chave "Emerging Pollutants"

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    Antineoplastic drugs in environmentally relevant concentrations cause endocrine disruption and testicular dysfunction in experimental conditions
    (Elsevier, 2023-04-07) Medeiros, Paloma da Cunha de [UNIFESP]; Perobelli, Juliana Elaine [UNIFESP]; Nascimento, Cinthia Castro do [UNIFESP]; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9844283096155413; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2047233951021632; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and methotrexate (MTX) are among the most widely consumed antineoplastic drugs worldwide. These drugs are known as emerging pollutants, once after consumption are excreted by feces and/or urine in a mixture of compounds and metabolites, entering the aquatic environment due to low efficiency in drug removal by effluent treatment plants. Considering that these substances may interact with the DNA, causing metabolic and morphological changes, leading to cell death, the present study aimed to investigate the potential impact of a long-term exposure to these antineoplastic drugs in environmentally relevant concentrations, on testicular morphophysiology of rats. Male Wistar rats (70 days old) were distributed into 4 groups (n = 10 / group): control, received only vehicle; MTX, received methotrexate at 10ng/L in drinking water; 5-FU received 5-fluorouracil at 10ng/L in drinking water; and MTX+ 5FU, received the combination of MTX and 5-FU at 10ng/L each. The treatment period was from postnatal day (PND)70 to PND160, when the animals were euthanized for evaluation of testicular toxicity and changes in endocrine signaling. In these experimental conditions, both drugs acted as endocrine disruptors causing cytotoxic effects in the testes of exposed rats, altering the structural pattern of seminiferous tubules and leading to oxidative stress even at environmental concentrations.
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    Avaliação dos efeitos biológicos da orfenadrina no desenvolvimento embriolarval de ouriço do mar - Echinometra lucunter (Echinoidea - Equinodermata)
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 2021-08-12) Pinto, Mariana Aparecida Henrique Gonçalves [UNIFESP]; Cesar, Augusto [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7526259441170335; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4596695112660596; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Currently, about 10,000 tons a year of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (FPCPs) are consumed worldwide. Drugs are widely used in medicine and veterinary medicine in order to fulfill their therapeutic function, having environmental persistence. These compounds are called pollutants of emerging concern and are not properly regulated. In recent decades, there has been growing concern regarding the occurrence and possible effects of these substances on non-target organisms, due to the continuous release and low removal rates in traditional wastewater treatment processes. The situation is aggravated in developing countries like Brazil, where only 49.8% of cities have some type of sewage collection, and only 70% of them undergo any treatment. Taking this scenario as a basis, the objective of the study was to evaluate the toxicity of orphenadrine, a drug used worldwide for over 50 years and detected in the marine environment in trace quantities, through the embryolarval development of sea urchins of the species Echinometra lucunter. The results of this work showed that the increase in the concentration of orphenadrine is proportional to the decrease in the growth rate of the hedgehogs. The study can contribute to the development not only of mitigation measures and marine life conservation strategies, but also to the elaboration of specific legislation that can govern the consumption and proper disposal of drugs that have orphenadrine as an active compound.
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    Avaliação dos efeitos da orfenadrina no desenvolvimento embriolarval de Echinometra lucunter
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 2021-08-13) Silva, Victor Simões da [UNIFESP]; Cesar, Augusto [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7526259441170335; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1759959213703351; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Os efluentes constantemente lançados no mar não recebem um tratamento apropriado para que se retire completamente os componentes químicos dos FPCPs, fazendo com que esses resíduos com potencial farmacológico ativo ainda possam causar implicações na vida marinha. Ao serem lançados no ambiente, esses compostos tendem a interagir e acumular no sedimento, que passam a funcionar como repositório e fonte de contaminação para organismos bentônicos e organismos pelágicos. Essa interação com o sedimento transforma esses contaminantes através de processos químicos e cria subprodutos que são mais reativos, podendo aumentar sua biodisponibilidade. A orfenadrina é o composto ativo de diversos fármacos amplamente utilizados no mundo. No Brasil, parte destes medicamentos são isentos de prescrição médica e são utilizados em níveis elevados pela população. Pela falta de êxito dos tratamentos tradicionais para a completa remoção desses compostos nos efluentes, esses fármacos podem ser encontrados no mar, próximo a regiões urbanas e há estudos que demonstram maior concentração da orfenadrina no ambiente na matriz água em comparação a matriz sedimento. Diante disso, o estudo avaliou os efeitos da orfenadrina no desenvolvimento embriolarval dos ouriços no sedimento. Foi possível observar efeito direto do fármaco no desenvolvimento e embora a concentração utilizada pelo estudo tenha sido menor que a ambiental, o estudo sugere mais pesquisas com diferentes tempos de exposição e organismos diferentes.