Navegando por Palavras-chave "Detecção"
Agora exibindo 1 - 3 de 3
Resultados por página
Opções de Ordenação
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Detecção de transtornos mentais comuns por médicos da estratégia Saúde da Família em Petrópolis, RJ(Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2009-01-28) Gonçalves, Daniel Almeida [UNIFESP]; Mari, Jair de Jesus [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)BACKGROUND: Since the 80 s, several studies conducted in Brazil have demonstrated a prevalence of Common Mental Disorders (CMD) around 50% among patients attending primary care units. It has also been demonstrated that many of these disorders remain unrecognized by general practitioners, with the detection rates varying from 30 to 60%. Since 1994, a new comprehensive and patient-oriented Primary Health policy was extensively introduced in Brazil the Family Health Program (FHP) but there isn t any study aimed to evaluate the detection of CMD by GPs in this program. METHODS: A cross sectional study was conducted with consecutive patients seen in 5 FHP units, from August to December 2002, in the city of Petrópolis, Rio de Janeiro. The overall prevalence of psychiatric morbidity was measured by means of the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ 12), and the doctor s detection of CMD was evaluated by a questionnaire completed by the general practitioners (GPs) after the medical appointment. RESULTS: 714 subjects participated of the study, and 400 (56%) subjects were screened positive using GHQ-12 cut-off point of 2/3. GPs diagnosed 379 people with CMD (53.1%). Two hundred and sixty (36%) subjects were detected by both GHQ and the GPs with an OR of 3,043 (95% CI 2,23-4,13). The accuracy of detection of CMD by GPs was 65%. There was a strong association between the detection of CMD and the presence of medically unexplained physical symptoms (MUS). Being female, married and a frequent service user were also related to higher detection rates by GPs. CONCLUSION: The rate of detection of common mental disorders in the Family Health Program in Brazil is similar to those reported worldwide, but contrary to other studies, the presence of MUS increased the detection rate. The high frequency of CMD in PHC highlights the need for improving training for GPs and health workers to recognize accurately and treat psychological distress with evidence based and culturally adapted interventions.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Um estudo sobre a detecção de ondas gravitacionais: interferometria.(Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 2022-11-05) Almeida, Pamella Aline de [UNIFESP]; Magalhães, Nadja Simão [UNIFESP]; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9152932863563017; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4082675186339422A possibilidade do uso de interferômetros para detecção de ondas gravitacionais (OGs) começou a ser considerada na década de 1960 e se desenvolveu a partir daí. As ondas gravitacionais foram previstas pela teoria da relatividade geral descrita por Albert Einstein e desde então buscava-se uma maneira de se comprovar a sua existência. Com os interferômetros, sua detecção direta se tornou possível e foi com essa técnica que a colaboração Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory (LIGO) conseguiu finalmente comprovar experimentalmente as OGs, isso quase 100 anos após a teoria desenvolvida pelo Einstein. Apesar da técnica da interferometria ser a mais conhecida e atualmente a mais eficiente na detecção de OGs, ela não é a única e existem outros métodos sendo estudados pelos cientistas, assim como tem-se vários laboratórios e colaborações no mundo todo estudando sobre ondas gravitacionais, além da colaboração LIGO. As ondas gravitacionais e sua detecção são extremamente importantes, pois contribuem para a prova experimental da Teoria da Relatividade e coloca em contraponto outro grande gênio da ciência, Isaac Newton, uma vez que a Lei da Gravitação Universal e a Teoria da Relatividade Geral representam perspectivas e referências de estudos distintos sobre o nosso universo. Como decorrência desse empenho mundial através das décadas para detectar as OGs, hoje podemos vislumbrar o nascimento de um novo tipo de astronomia, que deverá dar à humanidade um olhar inédito sobre o cosmos: a astronomia gravitacional. Neste trabalho será feita uma breve revisão do que são as OGs, da sua importância e de alguns dos principais desafios experimentais enfrentados para sua detecção direta em detectores interferométricos.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)Presumed prevalence analysis on suspected and highly suspected breast cancer lesions in São Paulo using BIRADS® criteria(Associação Paulista de Medicina - APM, 2007-07-01) Milani, Vivian [UNIFESP]; Goldman, Suzan Menasce [UNIFESP]; Finguerman, Flora [UNIFESP]; Pinotti, Marianne [UNIFESP]; Ribeiro, Celso Scazufka [UNIFESP]; Abdala, Nitamar [UNIFESP]; Szejnfeld, Jacob [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Breast cancer screening programs are critical for early detection of breast cancer. Early detection is essential for diagnosing, treating and possibly curing breast cancer. Since there are no data on the incidence of breast cancer, nationally or regionally in Brazil, our aim was to assess women by means of mammography, to determine the prevalence of this disease. DESIGN AND SETTING: The study protocol was designed in collaboration between the Department of Diagnostic Imaging (DDI), Institute of Diagnostic Imaging (IDI) and São Paulo Municipal Health Program. METHODS: A total of 139,945 Brazilian women were assessed by means of mammography between April 2002 and September 2004. Using the American College of Radiology (ACR) criteria (Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System, BIRADS®), the prevalence of suspected and highly suspected breast lesions were determined. RESULTS: The prevalence of suspected (BIRADS® 4) and highly suspected (BIRADS® 5) lesions increased with age, especially after the fourth decade. Accordingly, BIRADS® 4 and BIRADS® 5 lesions were more prevalent in the fourth, fifth, sixth and seventh decades. CONCLUSION: The presumed prevalence of suspected and highly suspected breast cancer lesions in the population of São Paulo was 0.6% and it is similar to the prevalence of breast cancer observed in other populations.