Navegando por Palavras-chave "Demografia dos povos indígenas"

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    Dinâmica demográfica dos Kamaiurá, povo Tupi do Parque Indígena do Xingu, Mato Grosso, Brasil, 1970-1999
    (Associação Brasileira de Estudos Populacionais, 2008-12-01) Pagliaro, Heloisa [UNIFESP]; Junqueira, Carmen; Mendaña, Luciana Garrido dos Santos; Mendonça, Sofia Beatriz [UNIFESP]; Baruzzi, Roberto Geraldo [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade Católica de São Paulo
    This article analyzes the demographic dynamics of the Kamaiurá, a people of the Tupi linguistic group, which, together with nine other peoples of the Aruak, Karib, Tupi and Trumai languages, inhabit the Xingu Indigenous Parque, in the northern part of the State of Mato Grosso, Brazil. The sources of data are medical records and vital statistics from the health program of the Federal University of São Paulo at Xingu Park, reported regularly since 1965. The demographic measurements included are: composition by age and sex, gross fertility rates, total fecundity rates, general death rate, and specific death rate by age and sex, proportional mortality by age and sex, and child mortality rates. The study shows that the Kamaiurá have been in a process of demographic recovery, showing a growth rate of 3.1% per year between 1970 and 1999. High levels of fecundity have contributed to the expansion of new generations of Kamaiurá, guaranteeing the group's physical survival. Relatively low and stable death rates have resulted from improved health conditions, which foster better survival of children, adolescents, adults and the elderly, assuring greater longevity for the population and maintenance of its social organization.
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    Recuperação populacional e fecundidade dos Kamaiurá, povo Tupi do Alto Xingu, Brasil Central, 1970-2003
    (Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo.Associação Paulista de Saúde Pública., 2007-08-01) Pagliaro, Heloisa [UNIFESP]; Junqueira, Carmen; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo
    This paper analyses the fertility of the Kamaiurá, a Tupi people that inhabits the Xingu Indigenous Park (XIP), between 1970 and 2003. Data has been gathered from medical records of the Health Program of the São Paulo Federal University (UNIFESP) at XIP, and from a survey conducted at the Kamaiurá village in 2003. Results have shown that before 1966, high mortality rates due to disputes among the indigenous nations of the region and contagious diseases, as well as moderate fertility levels were responsible for the stability trend of the population. The average population growth between 1967 and 2003 was 3.5%. Total fertility rates increased from 5.7 to 6.2 births per woman, between 1970 and 2003, reaching their highest level in 1980 (6.6). Since the 1990s there has been an ageing of the reproductive patterns, with the decrease of fertility levels among women up to 24 years of age, and an increase among women in the other age groups. The average age at first birth increased from 16.2 to 18.8 years between 1970-2003; the proportion of single women older than 15 years also increased: from 6.3% in 1971 to 26% in 2003; the inter-birth intervals varied between 30.3 and 36 months. The increase in the Kamaiurá's fertility rate was favored by the decrease in general and infant mortality rates, but the Kamaiurá did not abandon their traditional fertility controls, which has allowed a rational and balanced population growth.