Navegando por Palavras-chave "Breath test"
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- ItemSomente MetadadadosDrinking and driving in southeastern Brazil: Results from a roadside survey study(Elsevier B.V., 2013-01-01) Campos, Valdir Ribeiro [UNIFESP]; Souza e Silva, Rebeca de; Duailibi, Sergio [UNIFESP]; Laranjeira, Ronaldo [UNIFESP]; Palacios, Ester Nakamura; Grube, Joel W.; Pinsky, Ilana [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Univ Fed Espirito Santo; Prevent Res Ctr PIREObjective: the objective of this study is to present data from a roadside survey study on drinking and driving and alcohol consumption in southeastern Brazil.Methods: A cross-sectional roadside survey study using a questionnaire and breathalyzer data is the method used to determine the prevalence of drinking and driving and to examine whether socio-demographic characteristics and drivers' behavior, attitude and alcohol consumption predicted positive blood alcohol content (MC). the data were gathered from 2005 to 2007 through roadside surveys conducted on high volume public roads in four cities in southeastern Brazil. A total of 4182 randomly selected drivers took part in the research. of these drivers, 3488 (83.4%) completed the questionnaire and agreed to take a breath test.Results: Overall, 24.6% of drivers had a detectable blood alcohol concentration (BAC) and 15.9% had a BAC above the legal limit (0.6 g/l) at the time of the study. Logistic regression controlling for locale (city), sex, age and marital status was used to predict whether each driver would present a positive breath test. Socio-demographic characteristics, driving behaviors and attitudes, and alcohol consumption patterns were included as predictors. These analyses indicated that those who believed drinking and driving was a serious offense were about two-thirds as likely to have a positive breath test, and that drivers reporting a pattern of regular alcohol use were three times as likely to have a positive breath test.Conclusions: These findings indicate that drinking and driving is relatively common in Brazil, and that it occurs considerably more frequently than similar surveys suggest, is the case in other countries. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
- ItemAcesso aberto (Open Access)FRUCTOSE MALABSORPTION IN CHILDREN WITH FUNCTIONAL DIGESTIVE DISORDERS(Instituto Brasileiro de Estudos e Pesquisas de Gastroenterologia - IBEPEGE Colégio Brasileiro de Cirurgia Digestiva - CBCD Sociedade Brasileira de Motilidade Digestiva - SBMD Federação Brasileira de Gastroenterologia - FBGSociedade Brasileira de Hepatologia - SBHSociedade Brasileira de Endoscopia Digestiva - SOBED, 2013-09-01) Lozinsky, Adriana Chebar [UNIFESP]; Boe, Cristiane; Palmero, Ricardo; Fagundes-Neto, Ulysses; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)Context Fructose is a monosaccharide frequently present in natural and artificial juice fruits. When the concentration of fructose in certain food is present in excess of glucose concentration some individuals may develop fructose malabsorption. Objectives To report the frequency of fructose malabsorption utilizing the hydrogen breath test in children with gastrointestinal and/or nutritional disorders. Methods Between July 2011 and July 2012, 43 patients with gastrointestinal and/or nutritional disorders, from both sexes, were consecutively studied, utilizing the hydrogen breath test with loads of the following carbohydrates: lactose, glucose, fructose and lactulose. Fructose was offered in a 10% aqueous solution in the dose of 1 g/kg body weight. Samples were collected fasting and at every 15 minutes after the intake of the aqueous solution for a 2 hour period. Malabsorption was considered when there was an increase of >20 ppm of hydrogen over the fasting level, and intolerance was diagnosed if gastrointestinal symptoms would appear. Results The age of the patients varied from 3 months to 16 years, 24 were boys. The following diagnosis were established: irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea in 16, functional abdominal pain in 8, short stature in 10, lactose intolerance in 3, celiac disease in 1, food allergy in 1 and giardiasis in 1 patient. Fructose malabsorption was characterized in 13 (30.2%) patients, and intolerance in 1 (2.3%) patient. The most frequent fructose malabsorption was characterized in 7 (16.3%) patients with irritable bowel syndrome and in 4 (9.3%) patients with functional abdominal pain. Conclusions Patients with irritable bowel syndrome and functional abdominal pain were the main cause of fructose malabsorption.
- ItemSomente MetadadadosMethane production and small intestinal bacterial overgrowth in children living in a slum(Baishideng Publ Grp Co Ltd, 2012-11-07) Mello, Carolina Santos [UNIFESP]; Tahan, Soraia [UNIFESP]; Melli, Lígia Cristina Fonseca Lahoz [UNIFESP]; Rodrigues, Mirian Silva do Carmo [UNIFESP]; Mello, Ricardo Martin Pereira de [UNIFESP]; Scaletsky, Isabel Cristina Affonso [UNIFESP]; Morais, Mauro Batista de [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Ctr Fdn Inst Educ OsascoAIM: To analyze small intestinal bacterial overgrowth in school-aged children and the relationship between hydrogen and methane production in breath tests.METHODS: This transversal study included 85 children residing in a slum and 43 children from a private school, all aged between 6 and 10 years, in Osasco, Brazil. for characterization of the groups, data regarding the socioeconomic status and basic housing sanitary conditions were collected. Anthropometric data was obtained in children from both groups. All children completed the hydrogen (H-2) and methane (CH4) breath test in order to assess small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO). SIBO was diagnosed when there was an increase in H-2 >= 20 ppm or CH4 >= 10 ppm with regard to the fasting value until 60 min after lactulose ingestion.RESULTS: Children from the slum group had worse living conditions and lower nutritional indices than children from the private school. SIBO was found in 30.9% (26/84) of the children from the slum group and in 2.4% (1/41) from the private school group (P = 0.0007). Greater hydrogen production in the small intestine was observed in children from the slum group when compared to children from the private school (P = 0.007). A higher concentration of hydrogen in the small intestine (P < 0.001) and in the colon (P < 0.001) was observed among the children from the slum group with SIBO when compared to children from the slum group without SIBO. Methane production was observed in 63.1% (53/84) of the children from the slum group and in 19.5% (8/41) of the children from the private school group (P < 0.0001). Methane production was observed in 38/58 (65.5%) of the children without SIBO and in 15/26 (57.7%) of the children with SIBO from the slum. Colonic production of hydrogen was lower in methane-producing children (P = 0.017).CONCLUSION: Children who live in inadequate environmental conditions are at risk of bacterial overgrowth and methane production. Hydrogen is a substrate for methane production in the colon. (C) 2012 Baishideng. All rights reserved.