Navegando por Palavras-chave "Antiulcerogenic activity"

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    Effects of hecogenin and its possible mechanism of action on experimental models of gastric ulcer in mice
    (Elsevier B.V., 2012-05-15) Cerqueira, Gilberto Santos; Santos e Silva, Gabriela dos; Vasconcelos, Emiliano Rios; Fragoso de Freitas, Ana Paula; Moura, Brinell Arcanjo; Macedo, Danielle Silveira; Souto, Augusto Lopes; Barbosa Filho, Jose Maria; Almeida Leal, Luzia Kalyne de; Castro Brito, Gerly Anne de; Souccar, Caden [UNIFESP]; Barros Viana, Glauce Socorro de; Univ Fed Ceara; Univ Fed Paraiba; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    This study investigates the gastroprotective effects of hecogenin, a steroid saponin isolated from Agave sisalana, on experimental models of gastric ulcer. Male Swiss mice were used in the models of ethanol-and indometacin-induced gastric ulcer. To clarify the hecogenin mechanism of action, the roles of nitric oxide (NO), sulfhydryls (GSH), K-ATP(+) channels and prostaglandins were also investigated, and measurements of lipid peroxidation (TBARS assay) and nitrite levels in the stomach of hecogenin-treated and untreated animals were performed. Furthermore, the effects of hecogenin on myeloperoxidase (MPO) release from human neutrophils were assessed in vitro. Our results showed that hecogenin (3.1, 7.5, 15, 30, 60 and 90 mg/kg, p.o.) acutely administered, before ethanol or indomethacin, exhibited a potent gastroprotective effect. Although the pretreatments with L-NAME, an iNOS inhibitor, and capsazepine, a TRPV1 receptor agonist, were not able to reverse the hecogenin effect, this was reversed by glibenclamide, a K-ATP(+) blocker, and indomethacin in the model of ethanol-induced gastric lesions. the hecogenin pretreatment normalized GSH levels and significantly reduced lipid peroxidation and nitrite levels in the stomach, as evaluated by the ethanol-induced gastric lesion model. the drug alone increased COX-2 expression and this effect was further enhanced in the presence of ethanol. It also decreased MPO release and significantly protected the gastric mucosa. in conclusion, we showed that hecogenin presents a significant gastroprotective effect that seems to be mediated by K-ATP(+) channels opening and the COX-2/PG pathway. in addition, its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties may play a role in the gastroprotective drug effect. (C) 2012 Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved.
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    Safflower oil: an integrated assessment of phytochemistry, antiulcerogenic activity, and rodent and environmental toxicity
    (Sociedade Brasileira de Farmacognosia, 2014-10-01) Toma, Walber; Guimarães, Luciana Lopes; Brito, Alba Regina Monteiro Souza; Santos, Aldo Ramos; Cortez, Fernando Sanzi; Pusceddu, Fabio Hermes; Cesar, Augusto [UNIFESP]; Silveira Junior, Landulfo; Pacheco, Marcos Tadeu Tavares; Pereira, Camilo Dias Seabra [UNIFESP]; Universidade Santa Cecília Programa de Pós-graduação em Sustentabilidade de Ecossistemas Costeiros e Marinhos Laboratório de Pesquisa em Produtos Naturais; Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP); Universidade Santa Cecília Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP); Universidade Camilo Castelo Branco Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica
    Gastric ulcers are a significant medical problem and the development of complications lead to significant mortality rates worldwide. In Brazil, Carthamus tinctorius L., Asteraceae, seeds essential oil, the safflower oil, is currently used as a thermogenic compound and as treatment for problems related to the cardiovascular system. In this study, by Raman spectroscopy, it was shown that oleic and linoleic acids are the compounds present in higher concentrations in the safflower oil. We demonstrated that safflower oil (750 mg/kg, p.o.) decrease the ulcerogenic lesions in mice after the administration of hydrochloric acid-ethanol. The gastric ulcers induced by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) in mice treated with cholinomimetics were treated with four different doses of safflower oil, of which, the dose of 187.5 mg/kg (p.o.) showed significant antiulcerogenic properties (**p < 0.01). Moreover, the safflower oil at doses of 187.5 mg/kg (i.d.) increased the pH levels, gastric volume (**p < 0.01) and gastric mucus production (***p < 0.001), and decreased the total gastric acid secretion (***p < 0.001). The acute toxicity tests showed that safflower oil (5.000 mg/kg, p.o.) had no effect on mortality or any other physiological parameter. Ecotoxicological tests performed using Daphnia similis showed an EC50 at 223.17 mg/l, and therefore safflower oil can be considered “non-toxic” based on the directive 93/67/EEC on risk assessment for new notified substances by European legislation. These results indicate that the antiulcer activity of Safflower oil may be due to cytoprotective effects, which serve as support for new scientific studies related to this pathology.