Navegando por Palavras-chave "Acinetobacter spp"

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    Acinetobacter spp resistente a antimicrobianos carbapenêmicos isolados de Infecções Hospitalares de Corrente Sanguínea: Estudo do Projeto SCOPE Brasil
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2010-03-31) Luz, Adryella de Paula Ferreira [UNIFESP]; Pignatari, Antonio Carlos Campos [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Main Objective: To evaluate the susceptibility profile to antibiotics carbapenems and ampicillin/sulbactam, and the carbapenemases production among bloodstream isolates of Acinetobacter spp. from hospitalized patients participating in the SCOPE Program, period of june 2007 to July 2009. Specific objectives: (i) to evaluate the susceptibility to imipenem, meropenem and ampicillin/sulbactam by agar dilution; (ii) to characterize the frequency and types of metalo-B-lactamases in the carbapenem resistant isolates; (iii) to determine the frequency of oxacillinases coding genes among the carbapenem resistant isolates. Material and Methods: 206 isolates from the first blood stream nosocomial infection from 16 medical centers from the 5 regions of the country were susceptibility tested by agar dilution for imipenem, meropenem and ampicillin/sulbactam. The carbapenem resistant isolates were submitted to Real time multiplex PCR for detection of MBL genes (blaIMP, blaVIM, blaSIM, blaSPM, blaGIM) and oxacillinases coding genes (blaOXA23-like, blaOXA24-like, blaOXA51-like, blaOXA58-like). The isolates carring blaIMP were typed by PFGE . Results and Conclusion: 63% of the isolates were resistant to carbapenems (imipenem CIM50 64 μg/mL e CIM90 256 μg/mL); meropenem (CIM50 32 μg/mL e CIM90 256 μg/mL) and 45% to ampicillin/sulbactam (CIM50 8 μg/mL e CIM90 64 μg/mL). 24 (18%) carbapenem resistant isolates showed blaIMP. 94 (74%) showed blaOXA23 and 26 (20%) showed only blaOXA51. The highest resistant rate to carbapenem was observed in the Northeast region and the lowest rate in the South region. Clonal hospital and inter-hospital dissemination was observed for IMP carring isolates but not among the different regions.
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    Determinação da concentração de antimicrobiano capaz de prevenir o aparecimento de mutantes resistentes em amostras clínicas de acinetobacter spp
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2009) Pereira, Andrea dos Santos [UNIFESP]; Gales, Ana Cristina [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
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    Influência dos Métodos de Sensibilidade aos Antimicrobianos no Uso Clínico das Polimixinas
    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 2010-05-04) Silva, Itacy Gonçalves de Siqueira e [UNIFESP]; Gales, Ana Cristina [UNIFESP]; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
    Introduction: Acinetobacter spp. e Pseudomonas aeruginosa are important pathogens that cause infections in Brazilian hospitals and have become resistant to almost every available antimicrobial. Thereby, the clinical indication of parenteral use of polymyxin has been reestablished in recent years. Therefore, the clinical laboratory of microbiology need be able to perform reliable susceptibility antimicrobial tests. Objective: Analyze the influence of susceptibility antimicrobial tests in the clinical use of polymyxins. Material and Methods: Nine P. aeruginosa and 10 Acinetobacter spp. strains were tested to polymyxin susceptibility. The results of agar dilution, broth microdilution and Etest were compared, according CSLI. The influence of culture medium, calcium concentration, inoculum concentration and incubation time in the susceptibility antimicrobial test was evaluated. Results: There was good agreement between different polymyxin antimicrobial susceptibility methods for Acinetobacter spp isolates, but not for P. aeruginosa. It was observed 100% of agreement between Iso-sensitest and Müeller-Hinton medium through agar dilution and Etest for Acinetobacter spp. isolates. Through broth microdilution occurred 90% of agreement for polymyxin B and 60% for colistin. Between P. aeruginosa isolates, Etest had greater MIC variation when using different culture mediuns. In general, BHI medium had low MICs comparing with Müller- Hinton. The calcium concentration increase in the culture medium promoted MICs elevation in ±1Log2 of dilution, for both microrganisms. Etest had 55,6% (polymyxin B) and 88,9% (colistin) of minor error, and 11,1% of major error in polymyxin B. Inoculum size had greater influence in agar dilution, with minor error rates of 10% (polymyxin B) and 30% (colistin) for Acinetobacter spp. isolates, and 33,3% (polymyxin B) and 66,6% (colistin) for P. aeruginosa isolates. Different time incubations caused MICs variation only between P. aeruginosa isolates. Etest method had 33,3% (polymyxin B) and 44,4%(colistin) of minor error. Through agar dilution, the minor error rate was 11,1% with incubation time variation.