Comportamentos modificáveis do estilo de vida associados aos indicadores de saúde mental em adolescentes: um estudo transversal
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Data
2024-02-19
Autores
Victo, Eduardo Rossato [UNIFESP]
Orientadores
Solé, Dirceu [UNIFESP]
Tipo
Tese de doutorado
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Resumo
Objetivo: O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a associação entre os comportamentos
modificáveis do estilo de vida com diferentes indicadores de saúde mental de
adolescentes (10 a 19 anos). Além disso, avaliou-se a associação da atividade física
e do comportamento sedentário com os principais comportamentos associados aos
indicadores de saúde mental (consumo de tabaco e álcool).
Métodos: Estudos transversais, com dados do obtidos pelo Global School-based
Student Health Survey (GSHS) e da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar
(PeNSE) de 2019. Fatores de estilo de vida (obesidade, alimentação, atividade
física, tempo de tela, tempo sentado, tabagismo, álcool, drogas e frequência escolar)
e os indicadores de saúde mental (ansiedade, solidão, pensamento suicida,
planejamento de suicídio, quantidade de amigos próximos e autoavaliação da saúde
mental) foram obtidos por questionários autorreferidos e categorizados. Para testar a
associação dos comportamentos modificáveis com os indicadores de saúde mental
foram utilizadas análises de regressão logística com e sem ajustes. O mesmo foi
utilizado para avaliar a associação entre a atividade física e o comportamento
sedentário com o consumo de tabaco e álcool.
Resultados: Dados da GSHS mostraram que a obesidade, o consumo de frutas e
vegetais, a inatividade física, o consumo de tabaco e álcool e a frequência escolar
foram associados aos indicadores de pior saúde mental. Os consumos de tabaco e
de álcool associaram-se positivamente com a ansiedade, solidão, ideação suicida e
o planejamento suicida comparado com aqueles que não consumiam tabaco e
álcool, independentemente do sexo, idade e região. Dados da PeNSE mostraram
que alimentação saudável infrequente, alimentação não saudável, não consumir
álcool, ser inativo, fumar cigarros e ter frequência escolar inadequada foram
associados ao baixo número de amigos próximos. Alimentação saudável pouco
frequente, alimentação não saudável frequente, ser inativo, ter tempo excessivo de
tela e sentado, consumir tabaco, álcool, drogas e frequência escolar inadequada
foram associados a pior autoavaliação da saúde mental. Cumprir as recomendações
de atividade física e o transporte ativo foram associados a menores chances do
consumo de álcool e tabaco. Maior tempo sentado foi associado ao menor consumo
de álcool e tabaco.
Conclusão: Os comportamentos de estilo de vida estão associados aos indicadores
de saúde mental entre os adolescentes. Ser ativo apresentou menores chances de
consumir tabaco e álcool em relação aos inativos, principalmente para o consumo
excessivo de álcool e embriaguez.
Objective: The objective of the study was to test the association between modifiable lifestyle behaviors and different indicators of mental health in adolescents (10 to 19 years old). Furthermore, the association of physical activity and sedentary behavior with the main behaviors associated with mental health indicators (tobacco and alcohol consumption) was tested. Methods: Crosssectional studies, with data from the results of the Global Schoolbased Student Health Survey (GSHS) and the National Student Health Survey (PeNSE) 2019. Lifestyle factors (obesity, diet, physical activity, screen time, sitting time, smoking, alcohol , drugs and school attendance) and mental health indicators (anxiety, loneliness, suicidal thoughts, suicide planning, number of close friends and selfrated mental health) were obtained through a selfreported questionnaire and categorized. To test the association of modifiable behaviors with mental health indicators, logistic regression analyzes were used without and with adjustments. It was used to test the association between physical activity and sedentary behavior with tobacco and alcohol consumption. Results: Data from the GSHS showed that obesity, fruit and vegetable consumption, physical inactivity, tobacco and alcohol consumption and school attendance were associated with indicators of worse mental health. Tobacco and alcohol consumption were certainly associated with anxiety, loneliness, suicidal ideation and suicidal planning compared to those who did not consume tobacco and alcohol, regardless of gender, age and region of residence. Data from the PeNSE showed that infrequent healthy eating, unhealthy eating, not consuming alcohol, being inactive, smoking cigarettes and conventional school attendance were associated with a low number of close friends. Infrequent healthy eating, frequent unhealthy eating, being inactive, excessive screen time and sitting, smoking, alcohol, drugs and school attendance were associated with worse selfrated mental health. Complying with physical activity recommendations and active transportation were associated with lower odds of alcohol and tobacco consumption. Greater sitting time was associated with lower alcohol and tobacco consumption. Conclusion: Lifestyle behaviors are associated with mental health indicators among adolescents. Being active presented lower chances of tobacco and alcohol consumption compared to inactive individuals, mainly for excessive alcohol consumption and drunkenness.
Objective: The objective of the study was to test the association between modifiable lifestyle behaviors and different indicators of mental health in adolescents (10 to 19 years old). Furthermore, the association of physical activity and sedentary behavior with the main behaviors associated with mental health indicators (tobacco and alcohol consumption) was tested. Methods: Crosssectional studies, with data from the results of the Global Schoolbased Student Health Survey (GSHS) and the National Student Health Survey (PeNSE) 2019. Lifestyle factors (obesity, diet, physical activity, screen time, sitting time, smoking, alcohol , drugs and school attendance) and mental health indicators (anxiety, loneliness, suicidal thoughts, suicide planning, number of close friends and selfrated mental health) were obtained through a selfreported questionnaire and categorized. To test the association of modifiable behaviors with mental health indicators, logistic regression analyzes were used without and with adjustments. It was used to test the association between physical activity and sedentary behavior with tobacco and alcohol consumption. Results: Data from the GSHS showed that obesity, fruit and vegetable consumption, physical inactivity, tobacco and alcohol consumption and school attendance were associated with indicators of worse mental health. Tobacco and alcohol consumption were certainly associated with anxiety, loneliness, suicidal ideation and suicidal planning compared to those who did not consume tobacco and alcohol, regardless of gender, age and region of residence. Data from the PeNSE showed that infrequent healthy eating, unhealthy eating, not consuming alcohol, being inactive, smoking cigarettes and conventional school attendance were associated with a low number of close friends. Infrequent healthy eating, frequent unhealthy eating, being inactive, excessive screen time and sitting, smoking, alcohol, drugs and school attendance were associated with worse selfrated mental health. Complying with physical activity recommendations and active transportation were associated with lower odds of alcohol and tobacco consumption. Greater sitting time was associated with lower alcohol and tobacco consumption. Conclusion: Lifestyle behaviors are associated with mental health indicators among adolescents. Being active presented lower chances of tobacco and alcohol consumption compared to inactive individuals, mainly for excessive alcohol consumption and drunkenness.