A experiência de gestar na pandemia de COVID-19: um estudo qualitativo
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Data
2024-03-28
Autores
Lopes, Mariana Corniani [UNIFESP]
Orientadores
Abuchaim, Erika de Sá Vieira [UNIFESP]
Tipo
Dissertação de mestrado
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
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Resumo
Introdução: Inicialmente, as gestantes não foram consideradas população de risco. Após as gestantes e puérperas se mostrarem potenciais vítimas deste vírus, essa posição foi revista. Na tentativa de conter a disseminação da doença, medidas de distanciamento social foram tomadas impactando diretamente a dinâmica de vida destas mulheres que gestaram durante a pandemia. Objetivo: Descrever a experiência das mulheres acerca da vivência da gestação na pandemia Covid-19. Métodos: A Análise de Conteúdo de Krippendorff foi adotada como referencial teórico e metodológico. O estudo foi desenvolvido em duas unidades de uma maternidade privada localizada no município de São Paulo. A população investigada foi composta de mulheres com 18 anos ou mais, que pariram com IG ≥36 semanas e estavam com mais de 24h pós-parto. A amostra, definida por conveniência temporal, estabeleceu-se com 106 mulheres. Os dados foram coletados entre novembro de 2020 a maio de 2021, por meio de uma equipe de coletores previamente treinados. Entrevistas semiestruturadas foram realizadas, transcritas e posteriormente analisadas segundo as etapas preconizadas pelo referencial escolhido. Resultados: Seguindo os pressupostos da análise de Krippendorff, quatro temas principais emergiram: Medo, Cuidando e comemorando a gestação, Malefícios do Isolamento e Benefícios do Isolamento. Os achados deste estudo se alinham à literatura internacional. Conclusão: A pandemia influenciou negativamente a vivência das gestantes, quebrando suas expectativas e tornando a gravidez solitária, exaustiva e ocasionando importante sofrimento mental a essas mulheres. Porém, para uma parcela, houve um importante “lado bom”. A pandemia foi considerada um momento propício de dedicação à gestação, de tranquilidade, fortalecimento de vínculo familiar e de oportunidade de mudanças.
Introduction: Initially, pregnant women were not considered a risk population. After pregnant and postpartum women showed themselves to be potential victims of this virus, this position was revised. In an attempt to contain the spread of the disease, social distancing measures were taken, directly impacting the life dynamics of these women who became pregnant during the pandemic. Objective: To describe women's experience of pregnancy during the Covid-19 pandemic. Methods: Krippendorff's Content Analysis was adopted as a theoretical and methodological framework. The study was carried out in two units of a private maternity hospital located in the city of São Paulo. The population investigated was made up of women aged 18 or over, who gave birth at a GA of ≥36 weeks and were more than 24 hours postpartum. The sample, defined by temporal convenience, was distributed with 106 women. The data was found between November 2020 and May 2021, through a previously trained team of collectors. Semi-structured interviews were carried out, transcribed and subsequently evidenced according to the steps recommended by the chosen framework. Results: Following the assumptions of Krippendorff's analysis, four main themes emerged: Fear, Taking care and celebrating pregnancy, Harms of Isolation and Benefits of Isolation. The results of this study align with international literature. Conclusion: The pandemic influenced qualities in the experience of pregnant women, breaking their expectations and making a pregnancy lonely, exhausting and causing significant mental suffering for these women. However, for some, there was an important “good side”. The pandemic was considered a favorable moment for dedication to pregnancy, tranquility, strengthening family bonds and an opportunity for change.
Introduction: Initially, pregnant women were not considered a risk population. After pregnant and postpartum women showed themselves to be potential victims of this virus, this position was revised. In an attempt to contain the spread of the disease, social distancing measures were taken, directly impacting the life dynamics of these women who became pregnant during the pandemic. Objective: To describe women's experience of pregnancy during the Covid-19 pandemic. Methods: Krippendorff's Content Analysis was adopted as a theoretical and methodological framework. The study was carried out in two units of a private maternity hospital located in the city of São Paulo. The population investigated was made up of women aged 18 or over, who gave birth at a GA of ≥36 weeks and were more than 24 hours postpartum. The sample, defined by temporal convenience, was distributed with 106 women. The data was found between November 2020 and May 2021, through a previously trained team of collectors. Semi-structured interviews were carried out, transcribed and subsequently evidenced according to the steps recommended by the chosen framework. Results: Following the assumptions of Krippendorff's analysis, four main themes emerged: Fear, Taking care and celebrating pregnancy, Harms of Isolation and Benefits of Isolation. The results of this study align with international literature. Conclusion: The pandemic influenced qualities in the experience of pregnant women, breaking their expectations and making a pregnancy lonely, exhausting and causing significant mental suffering for these women. However, for some, there was an important “good side”. The pandemic was considered a favorable moment for dedication to pregnancy, tranquility, strengthening family bonds and an opportunity for change.
Descrição
Citação
LOPES, Mariana Corniani. A experiência do gestar na pandemia COVID-19: Um estudo qualitativo. 2024. 139 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Obstetrícia) - Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP). São Paulo, 2024..